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KHADIRA GRIHYA SUTRA

p. 369

Introduction
I, 1
I, 2
I, 3
I, 4
I, 5

II, 1
II, 2
II, 3
II, 4
II, 5

III, 1
III, 2
III, 3
III, 4
III, 5

IV, 1
IV, 2
IV, 3
IV, 4

p. 370 p. 371

INTRODUCTION TO THE KHADIRA GRIHYA SUTRA

AMONG the Grantha MSS. collected by the late Dr. Burnell and now belonging to the India Office Library, there are some MSS. (numbers CLXXII and following of the Catalogue) of a Grihya-sûtra hitherto unpublished, which is ascribed to Khâdirâkârya. It belongs to the Drâhyâyana school of the Sâma-veda, which prevails in the south of the Indian peninsula 1, and it is based on the Gobhilîya-sûtra, from which it has taken the greater number of its aphorisms, just as the Drâhyâyana-Srauta-sûtra, as far as we can judge at present, is nothing but a slightly altered redaction of Lâtyâyana 2. Like the Gobhila-Grihya it very seldom gives the Mantras in their full extent, but quotes them only with their Pratîkas, and it is easy to identify these quotations in the Mantrabrâhmana (published at Calcutta, 1873), which contains the texts prescribed by Gobhila for the Grihya ceremonies.

The Khâdira-Grihya has evidently been composed with the intention of abridging Gobhila's very detailed and somewhat lengthy treatise on the domestic rites. Digressions, such as, for instance, that introduced by the words tatraihad âhuh, Gobhila I, 2, 10-27, or such as Gobhila's explication of the terms paurnamâsî and amâvâsyâ, I, 5, 7 seqq., or most of the regulations concerning the Sakvaryas, III, 3, or the Slokas, IV, 7, are invariably left

p. 372

out, and in the descriptions of the single ceremonies throughout the principal points only are given, with the omission of all words and of all matter that it seemed possible to dispense with. On the other hand, the arrangement of the Sûtras has undergone frequent changes, in which the compiler clearly shows his intention of grouping together, more carefully than was done in the original text, the Sûtras which naturally belong to each other. Of the Sûtras of the Khâdira-Grihya which cannot be identified in Gobhila, several are to be traced back to Lâtyâyana, or we should perhaps rather say, to Drâhyâyana. Thus Khâd. I, 1, 14 mantrântam avyaktam parasyâdigrahanena vidyât evidently corresponds to Lâtyâyana I, 1, 3, uttarâdih pûrvântalakshanam, and Khâd. I, 1, 24 avyâvrittim yagñâṅgair avyavâyam kekhet is identical with Lâty. I, 2, 15, avyavâyoऽvyâvrittis ka yagñâṅgaih.

Upon the whole, though certainly the Khâdira-Grihya does not contain much matter which is not known to us from other sources, it notwithstanding possesses a certain interest, since it shows by a very clear example how a Sûtrakâra of the later time would remodel the work of a more ancient author, trying to surpass him by a more correct arrangement, and especially by what became more and more appreciated as the chief accomplishment of Sûtra composition, the greatest possible succinctness and economising of words. To an interpreter of Gobhila the comparison of the Khâdira-Grihya no doubt will suggest in many instances a more correct understanding of his text than he would have been likely to arrive at without that aid, and perhaps even readings of Gobhila which seemed hitherto subject to no doubt, will have to give way to readings supplied by the Grantha MSS. of the Khâdira-Grihya. Thus, Gobhila III, 8, 16, I do not hesitate to correct asamsvâdam, on the authority of Khâd. III, 3, 13, into asamkhâdam or asamkhâdan 1.

p. 373

As the text of the Khâdira-Grihya is very short and has not yet been published, it has been printed at the foot of the page, together with references to the parallel passages of Gobhila. For further explanations of the single Sûtras, I refer to my translation of Gobhila which will form part of the second volume of the Grihya-sûtras, where I shall also hope to give some extracts from Rudraskanda's commentary on the Khâdira-Grihya.

Footnotes

371:1 See Dr. Burnell's Catalogue, p. 56.

371:2 Weber, Vorlesungen über indische Literaturgeschichte (2nd edition), p. 87: 'Almost the entire difference between this Sûtra and that of Lâtyâyana lies in the arrangement of the matter treated of, which is in itself very nearly the same in both texts, and is expressed in the same words.' Comp. Anandakandra Vedântavâgîsa's Introduction to his edition of Lâtyâyana (in the Bibliotheca Indica), pp. 2, 3, and his statements on Drâhyâyana in the notes of that edition.

372:1 Comp. Pâraskara II, so, 15, and the quotations given by Böhtlingk-Roth s. v. sam-khâd. Forms derived from the two roots, khâd and svad, are frequently interchanged in the MSS.; see the two articles in the Dictionary.

p. 374

KHÂDIRA-GRIHYA-SÛTRA.

PATALA I, KHANDA 1.

1 1. Now henceforth the domestic sacrifices (will be explained).

2 2. During the northern course of the sun, at the time of the increasing moon, on auspicious days, before noon: this is the time at which the constellations are lucky, unless a special statement is given.

3 3. At the end (of the ceremonies) he should give to the Brâhmanas to eat according to his ability.

4 4-6. The sacrificial cord is made of a string or of Kusa grass.

5. If he suspends it round his neck and raises the right arm (so as to wear the cord on his left shoulder), he becomes yagñopavîtin.

6. (If he raises) the left (arm and wears the cord on his right shoulder, he becomes) prâkînâvîtin.

7 7-10. After having sipped water three times, let him wipe off the water twice.

I, 1, 1. athâto grihyâkarmâny. 2. udagayanapûrvapakshapunyâheshu prâg âvartanâd anubhah kâloऽnâdese. 3. ऽpavarge yathotsâham brâhmanân âsayed. 4. yagñopavîtam sautram kausam vâ. 5. grîvâyâm pratimukya dakshinam bâhum uddhritya yagñopavîtî bhavati. 6. savyam prâkînâvîtî. 7. trir âkamyâpo dvih parimrigîta.

p. 375

8. Having besprinkled his feet (with water), let him besprinkle his head.

9. Let him touch the organs of his senses (i.e. his eyes, his nose, and his ears) with water (i.e. with a wet hand).

10. When he has finally touched (water) again, he becomes pure.

11 11-14. (If) sitting, standing, or lying down (is prescribed), he should understand (that it is to be done) on northward-pointed Darbha grass, with the face turned to the east, to the west of the fire with which the sacrifice is performed.

12. If the word Snâna (or bathing) is used, (this refers to the whole body) with the head.

13. (The different ceremonies are) performed with the right hand, if no special rule is given.

14. If it is not clear where a Mantra ends, one should discern it by (adverting to) the beginning of the next Mantra.

15 15. The Mantras have the word svâhâ at their end, when offerings are made.

16 16. The term Pâkayagña is used of every sacrifice that is performed with one fire.

17 17-18. There the Brahman is (present as) officiating priest, with the exception of the morning and evening oblations.

8. pâdâv abhyukshya siroऽbhyukshed. 9. indriyâny adbhih samsprised. 10. antatah pratyupasprisya sukir bhavaty. 11. âsanasthânasamvesanâny udagagreshu darbheshu prâṅmukhasya pratîyât paskâd agner yatra homa syât. 12. sahasirasam snânasabde. 13. dakshinena pâninâ krityam anâdese. 14. mantrântam avyak— tam parasyâdigrahanena vidyât. 15. svâhântâ mantra homeshu. 16. pâkayagña ityâkhya yah kas kaikâgnau. 17. tatra ritvig brahmâ sâyamprâtarhomavargam.

p. 376

18. The Hotri's place is filled by (the sacrificer) himself.

19 19. To the south of the fire the Brahman sits facing the north, silently, until the oblation has been performed, on eastward-pointed (Darbha grass).

20 20-22. But if he likes, he may speak of what refers to the sacrifice.

21. Or if he has spoken (words) which are unworthy of the sacrifice, let him murmur the Mahâvyâhritis,

22. Or (the verse), 'Thus has Vishnu' (Sv. I, 222).

23 23. If he does himself the work both of the Brahman and of the Hotri, let him sit down on the Brahman's seat, and (leave that seat) placing a parasol on it, or an outer garment, or a water-pot, and then let him perform his other duties.

24 24. Let him take care not to turn his back to, or become separated (by any person or thing interposed) from what belongs to the sacrifice.

18. svayamhautram. 19. dakshinatoऽgner udaṅmukhas tûshnîm âste brahmâ homât prâgagreshu. 20. kâmam tv adhiyagñam vyâhared. 21. ayagñiyâm vâ vyâhritya mahâvyâhritîr gaped. 22. idam vishnur ita vâ. 23. hautrabrahmatve svayam kurvan brahmâsanam [sic] upavisya khattram uttarâsaṅgam kamandalum vâ tatra kritvâthânyat kuryâd. 24. avyâvrittim yagñâṅgair avyavâyam kekhet.

Footnotes

374:1 I, 1, 1 = Gobhila I, 1, I.

374:2 2 = I, 1, 3.

374:3 3 = I, 1, 6.

374:4-6 4-6 = I, 2, 1 seqq.

374:7-10 7-10 = 1, 2, 5 seqq.

375:11-14 11-14 desunt.

375:15 15 = 1, 9, 25.

375:16 16 deest.

375:17-18 17, 18 = I. 9, 8. 9.

376:19 19 = I, 6, 13 seqq.

376:20-22 20-22 = I, 6, 17 seqq.

376:23 23 = I, 6, 21.

376:24 24 deest.

KHANDA 2.

1 1. In the eastern part of his dwelling he should besmear (the place on which the sacrifice will be

2, 1. pûrve bhâge vesmano gomayenopalipya tasya madhyadese lakshanam kuryâd.

p. 377

performed) with cowdung, and should draw in the middle of it the lines.

2. To the south he should draw a line from west to east.

3. From the beginning of that line (he should draw a line) from south to north; from the end (of the last-mentioned line) one from west to east; between (the first and the third line) three (lines) from west to east.

4. He besprinkles that (place) with water,

5. Establishes the fire (thereon),

6 6-8. Wipes along around (the fire) with the three verses, 'This praise' (MB. II, 4, 2-4).

7. To the west of the fire he touches the earth with his two hands turned downwards, with (the verse), 'We partake of the earth’s' (MB. II, 4, 1).

8. In night-time (he pronounces that Mantra so that it ends with the word) 'goods' (vasu).

9 9-11. Having strewn Darbha grass to the west (of the fire), let him draw (some grass) from the south-end and from the north-end (of what he has strewn), in an eastern direction.

10. Or let him omit this drawing (of Darbha grass to the east),

11. And let him strew (the grass) beginning in the east, so as to keep his right side turned to the

2. dakshinatah prâkîm rekhâm ullikhya. 3. tadârambhâd udîkîm tadavasânât prâkîm tisro madhye prâkîs. 4. tad abhyukshyâ. 5. ऽgnim upasamâdhâya. 6. imam stomam iti parisamûhya trikena. 7. paskâd agner bhûmau nyañkau pânî kritvedam bhûmer iti. 8. vasvantam râtrau. 9. paskâd darbhân âstîrya dakshinatah prâkîm prakarshed uttaratas kâ. 10. ऽprakrishya vâ. 11. pûrvopakramam pradakshinam agnim strinuyân mûlâny agrais khâdayan trivritam pañkavritam vo.

p. 378

fire, covering the roots (of the Darbha blades) with the points, in three layers or in five layers.

12 12-16. Sitting down he cuts off two span-long Darbha points, not with his nail, with (the words), 'Purifiers are ye, sacred to Vishnu.'

13. He wipes them with water, with (the words), 'By Vishnu's mind are ye purified.'

14. Holding them with his two thumbs and fourth fingers so that their points are turned to the north, he three times purifies the Âgya (with them), with (the words), 'May the god Savitri purify thee with this uninjured purifier, with the rays of the good sun.'

15. Having sprinkled them (with water) he should throw them into the fire.

16. Having put the Âgya on the fire he should take it (from the fire) towards the north

17 17-21. Bending his right knee he should pour out to the south of the fire his joined hands full of water with (the words), 'Aditi! Give thy consent!'

18. To the west with (the words), Anumati! Give thy consent!'

19. To the north with (the words), 'Sarasvatî! Give thy consent!'

12. ऽpavisya darbhâgre prâdesamâtre prakhinatti na nakhena pavitre stho vaishnavyâv ity. 13. adbhir unmrigya Vishnor manasâ pûte stha ity. 14. udagagreऽngushthâbhyâm anâmikâbhyâm ka samgrihya trir âgyam utpunâti devas tvâ Savitotpunâtv akhidrena pavitrena vasos sûryasya rasmibhir ity. 15. abhyukshyâgnâv anuprahared. 16. âgyam adhisrityottaratah kuryâd. 17. dakshinagânvakto dakshinenâgnim Aditeऽnumanyasvety udakâñgalim prasiñked. 18. Anumateऽnumanyasveti paskât. 19. Sarasvate [sic, comp. Hiranyakesi-Grihya I, 1, 2, 9] numanyasvety uttaratah.

p. 379

20. With (the words), 'God Savitri! Give thy impulse!' (MB. I, 1, 1) he should sprinkle (water) round the fire so as to keep his right side turned towards it, encompassing what he is going to offer (with the water).

21. (This he does) once or thrice.

22 22. He puts a piece of wood on (the fire).

23 23. He should murmur the Prapada formula (MB. II, 4, 5), hold his breath, fix his thoughts on something good, and should emit his breath when beginning the Virûpâksha formula (MB. II, 4, 6).

24 24-25. At ceremonies for the attainment of special wishes (he should do so) for each of the objects (which he wishes to attain).

25. He should do so always at sacrifices.

20. deva Savitah prasuveti pradakshinam agnim paryukshed abhipariharan havyam. 21. sakrit trir vâ. 22. samidham âdhaya. 23. prapadam gapitvopatâmya kalyânam dhyâyan vairûpâksham ârabhyokkhvaset. 24. pratikâmam kâmyeshu. 25. sarvatraitad dhomeshu kuryât.

Footnotes

376:1 2, 1 seqq.=Gobhila I, 1, 9 seqq.

377:6-8 6-8 = IV, 5, 3 seqq.

377:9-11 9-11 = I, 7, 9 seqq.

378:12-16 12-16 = I, 7, 21-27.

378:17-21 17-21 = I, 3, 1 seqq.

379:22 22 = I, 8, 26.

379:23 23 = IV, 5, 6 seqq.

379:24-25 24, 25 desunt.

KHANDA 3.

1 1. A student after he has studied the Veda and has offered a present to his teacher, should, with permission (of his parents), take a wife.

2 2. And (he should take) the bath (which signifies the end of studentship).

3 3-4. Of these two (acts the taking of) the bath comes first.

3, 1. brahmakârî vedam adhîtyopanyâhritya guraveऽnugñâto dârân kurvîtâ. 2. ऽplavanañ ka. 3. tayor âplavanam pûrvam.

p. 380

4. As, however, in the (collection of) Mantras marriage is treated of (first), it is explained (here) before (the bath).

5 5. A Brâhmana with a water-pot, wrapped in his robe, keeping silence, should step in front of the fire and should station himself (to the south of it) with his face to the north.

6 6. After (the bride) has taken a bath, (the bridegroom) should dress her in a garment that has not yet been washed, with (the verse), 'They who spun' (MB. I, 1, 5). While she is led up (to him), the bridegroom should murmur (the verse), 'Soma gave her' (l.l. 7).

7 7. To the south of the bridegroom he (who has led her to him) should make her sit down.

8. While she touches him, (the bridegroom) should make oblations of Âgya with the Sruva, picking out (portions of it [comp. Pâraskara II, 14, 131), with the Mahâvyâhritis.

9. A fourth (oblation) with (the three Mahâvyâhritis) together.

10. The same at the ceremonies of the tonsure (of the child's head), of the initiation (of the Brahmakârin), and of the cutting of the beard.

4. mantrâbhivâdât tu pânigrahanasya (correct, pânigrahanam?) pûrvam vyâkhyâtam. 5. brâhmanas sahodakumbhah prâvrito vâgyatoऽgrenâgnim gatvodaṅmukhas tishthet. 6. snâtâm ahatenâkhâdya yâ akrintann ity ânîyamânâyâm pânigrâhogapet Somoऽdadad iti. 7. pânigrâhasya dakshinata upavesayed. 8. anvârabdhâyâm sruvenopaghâtam mahâvyâhritibhir âgyam guhuyât. 9. samastâbhis katurthîm. 10. evam kaulopanayanagodâneshv.

p. 381

11. And at the marriage (he makes oblations) with the six verses, 'May Agni go as the first' (MB. I, I, 9 seqq.).

12. At Âgya oblations, unless a special rule is given, the two Âgya portions and the Svishtakrit oblation (are) not (offered).

13. After (the chief oblations he should) always (make oblations) with the Mahâvyâhritis,

14 14-15. And with the (verse) sacred to Pragâpati.

15. He should make an expiatory oblation.

16 16-31. After the sacrifice they both arise.

17. (The bridegroom) should pass behind (the bride's) back, station himself to the south, and seize the bride's hand.

18. Her mother who has, towards the east, put fried grain mixed with Samî leaves into a basket,

19. Should make the bride tread with the tip of her right foot on an upper mill-stone, to the west of the fire, with (the verse which the bridegroom repeats), 'On this stone' (MB. I, 2, 1).

20. Her brother, filling once his joined hands

11. Agnir etu prathama iti shadbhis ka pânigrahane. 12. nâgyabhâgau na svishtakrid âgyâhutishv anâdese. 13. sarvatroparishtân mahâvyâhritibhih 1. 14. prâgâpatyayâ ka. 15. prâyaskittam guhuyâd. 16. dhutvopottishthato. 17. ऽnuprishtham gatvâ dakshinatoऽvasthâya vadhvañgalim grihnîyât. 18. pûrvâ mâtâ samîpalâsamisrân (var. lect. °misrâl) lâgâñ khûrpe kritvâ. 19. paskâd agner drishatputram âkramayed vadhûm dakshinena prapadenemam asmânam iti. 20. sakridgrihîtam añgalim lâgânâm vadhvañgalâv âvaped bhrâtâ.

p. 382

with fried grain, should pour it into the bride's joined hands.

21 21. Or some friend (instead of the brother).

22. That she should sacrifice over the fire without opening her joined hands with (the verse which the bridegroom repeats), 'This woman' (MB. I, 2, 2).

23. (The verses), 'Aryaman' and 'Pûshan' (l.l. 3, 4) (are repeated) at the two following (oblations of fried grain).

24. After that sacrifice he should go back in the same way (see Sûtra 17), and should lead her round the fire, so that their right sides are turned towards it with (the formula), 'The maid from the fathers' (l.l. 5).

25. (These rites), beginning from his stationing himself (to the south, Sûtra 17), (are performed) thrice.

26. After (she) has poured the remnants (of the fried grain) into the fire, he should make her step forward in a north-eastern direction with (the formula), 'For sap with one step' (l.l. 6, 7).

27. The looking at the lookers-on, the mounting of the chariot, the reciting (of Mantras) at places difficult to pass (on the way of the bridegroom and the bride, is performed) with (verses) suited (to those different occasions).

21. suhrid vâ kaskit. 22. tam sâgnau guhuyâd avikhidyâñgalim iyam nârîty. 23. Aryamanam Pûshanam ity uttarayor. 24. hute tenaiva gatvâ pradakshinam agnim parinayet kanyalâ pitribhya ity. 25. avasthânaprabhrity evam tris. 26. sûrpena sishtân agnâv opya prâgudîkîm utkramayed ekam isha itî. 27. ऽkshakâvekshanarathârohanadurgânumantranâny abhirûpâbhir.

p. 383

28. Walking forward behind the fire, the water-carrier (see Sûtra 5) should besprinkle the bridegroom on his forehead.

29. So also the bride.

30. When he has thus been besprinkled, (he should repeat the verse), 'May (the Visve devâs) anoint (or, unite)' (MB. I, 2, 9).

31. He should seize her right hand, together with the thumb, with the six (verses), 'I seize thy hand' (MB. I, 2, 10 seqq.).

28. aparenâgnim auduko gatvâ pânigrâham mûrdhany avasiñked. 29. vadhûm ka. 30. samañgantv ity avasikto. 31. dakshinam pânim sâṅgushtham grihnîyâd gribhnâmi ta iti shadbhih.

Footnotes

379:1 3, 1 = Gobhila III, 4, 1.

379:2 1. 2 = III, 4, 7.

379:3-4 3, 4 desunt.

380:5 5 = II, I, 13.

380:6 6 = II, 1, 17-19.

380:7 7 seqq. = II, I, 23 seqq.; I, 9, 26 seqq.

381:14-15 14, 15 desunt.

381:16-31 16-31 = II, 2, 1 seqq.

381:1 Possibly the Sûtras 12 and 13 should be divided thus: 12. nâgyabhâgau na svishtakrid âgyâhutishv. 13. anâdese sarvatr° &c. Comp. Gobhila I, 9, 26. 27; Sâṅkhâyana I, 12, 13; 9, 10.

382:21 (21 and a part of 27 desunt.)

KHANDA 4.

1 1-11. He should carry her away in a north-eastern direction.

2. In a Brâhmana's house he should establish the (nuptial) fire, should spread out to the west of the fire a red bull's hide with the hair outside and with the neck to the east, and should make her, who has to keep silence, sit down (thereon).

3. When (somebody) has said that a star has appeared, he should, while she touches him, make oblations (of Âgya) with the Sruva, picking out (portions of it), with the six (verses) commencing with (the verse), 'In the lines' (MB. I, 3, 1 seqq.). The remnants he should pour out over the bride's head.

4, 1. prâgudîkîm udvahed. 2. brâhmanakuleऽgnim upasamâdhâya paskâd agner lohitam karmânaduham uttaraloma prâggrîvam âstîrya vâgyatâm upavesayet. 3. prokte nakshatreऽnvârabdhâyâm sruvenopaghâtam guhuyât shadbhir lekhâprabhritibhih sampâtân avanayan mûrdhani vadhvâh.

p. 384

4. Having circumambulated the fire so that their right sides are turned towards it, he shows her the polar star (literally, the firm one), with the verse, 'Firm is the sky' (l.l. 7).

5. She should break her silence by respectfully calling her Gurus by their Gotra names.

6. A cow constitutes the sacrificial fee.

7. Here the Arghya ceremony should be performed.

8. (Or rather it should be performed) when they have come (to their house), according to some (teachers): [comp. Sâṅkh. I, 12, 10.]

9. Through a period of three nights they should avoid eating saline food and drinking milk, and should sleep together without having conjugal intercourse.

10. Having murmured over food which is fit for sacrifice, the (verses), 'With the tie of food (MB. I, 3, 8-10), he should pronounce the wife's name, N.N.!'

11. After he has sacrificed (or, eaten?) he should give the rest to the wife.

12 12-13. After the lapse of that period of three nights, he should make oblations of Âgya with the four

4. pradakshinam agnim parikramya dhruvam darsayati dhruvâ dyaur ity. 5. abhivâdya gurûn (gurum, Gobhila) gotrena visriged vâkam. 6. gaur dakshinâ. 7. ऽtrârghyam. 8. âgateshv ity eke. 9. trirâtram kshâralavane dugdharn iti vargayantau (vargayânau the MSS.) saha sayîyâtâm (sayyâtâm, saryyatâm the MSS.) brahmakârinau. 10. havishyam annam parigapyânnapâsenety asâv iti vadhvâ nâma brûyâd. 11. hutvokkhishtam (bhuktv°?) vadhvai dadyâd. 12. ûrdhvam trirâtrâk katasribhir âgyam guhuyâd Agne prâyaskittir iti samasya pañkamîm sampâtân avanayann udapâtre.

p. 385

verses, 'Agni, thou art expiation' (MB. I, 4, I seqq.). A fifth (oblation) combining (the names of the four gods invoked in those verses). The remnants (of Âgya) he should pour into a water-pot.

13. With that (Âgya) he should wash her, including her hair and nails.

14 14. Thenceforward he should behave as required by circumstances.

15 15-16. At the time of her courses he should touch with his right hand her secret parts with (the verse), 'May Vishnu make thy womb ready' (MB. I, 4, 6).

16. When (that verse) is finished, he should cohabit with her, with (the verse), 'Give conception' (l.l. 7).

13. tenainâm sakesanakhâm âplâvayet. 14. tato yathârtham syâd. 15. ritukâle dakshinena pâninopastham âlabhed Vishnur yonim kalpayatv iti. 16. samâptâyâm sambhaved garbhan dhehîti.

Footnotes

383:1-11 4, 1-11 = Gobhila II, 3, 1 seqq.

384:12-13 12-13 = II, 5, 1 seqq.

385:14 14 = II, 4, II.

385:15-16 15, 16 = II, 5, 9, 10.

KHANDA 5.

1 1-9. The fire used at his wedding (is kept as) his (sacred) domestic fire.

2. Or that on which he (as a student) puts the last piece of wood.

3. Or (a fire) kindled by attrition: that is pure, but it does not bring prosperity.

4. Or he may get it from a frying-pan.

5. Or from the house of one who offers many sacrifices, with the exception of a Sûdra.

5, 1. yasminn agnau pânim grihnîyât sa grihyo. 2. yasmin vântyâm samidham âdadhyân. 3. nirmanthyo vâ punyas soऽnardhuko. 4. ऽmbarîshâd vânayed. 5. bahuyâgino vâgârâk khûdravargam.

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6. The service (at that sacred domestic fire) begins with an evening oblation.

7. After (the fire) has been set in a blaze before sunset or sunrise—

8. The sacrifice (is performed) after sunset,

9. (And) after sunrise or before sunrise.

10 10-19. He should with his hand make oblations of food which is fit for sacrifice, having washed it, if it is raw.

11. If it consists in curds or milk, with a brazen bowl,

12. Or with the pot in which the oblations of cooked rice are prepared.

13. (In the evening the first oblation with the formula), 'To Agni Svâhâ!' in the middle (of the sacred fire);

14. The second (oblation) silently in the northeastern part (of the fire).

15. In the morning the first (oblation with the formula), 'To Sûrya (Svâhâ)!'

16. The wiping round the fire and the similar acts, with the exception of the sprinkling (of water) round (the fire), are omitted here.

17. Some (teachers say) that his wife may offer these oblations, for the wife is (as it were) the house, and that fire is the domestic fire.

6. sâyamâhutyupakramam parikaranam. 7. prâg astamayodayâbhyâm prâdushkrityâ. 8. ऽstam ite homa. 9. udite kânudite vâ. 10. havishyasyânnasyâkritam ket prakshâlya guhuyât pâninâ. 11. dadhi ket payo vâ kamsena. 12. karusthâlyâ vâ. 13. ऽgnaye svâheti madhye. 14. tûshnîm prâgudîkîm uttarâm. 15. Sûryâyeti prâtah pûrvâm. 16. nâtra parisamûhanâdîni paryukshanavargam. 17. patnî guhuyâd ity eke grihâh patnî grihyoऽgnir esha iti.

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18. When (the meal) is ready, in the evening and in the morning, (the wife) should say, 'It is ready! and (the husband) with loud voice, 'Om!'

19. Then in a low voice: 'May it not fail! Adoration to thee!'

20 20-37. Of food which is fit for sacrifice he should make oblations to Pragâpati and to (Agni) Svishtakrit.

21. Then he should make the Bali offerings.

22. He should put down (a Bali) at four places, inside or outside (the Agnyagâra);

23. (Another Bali) near the water-barrel;

24. (Another) at the middle door;

25. (Another) in the bed,

26. Or in the privy;

27. Another on the heap of sweepings.

28. He should sprinkle each (Bali with water) before and afterwards.

29. The remnants he should pour out together with water towards the south.

30. Of chaff, of water, and of the scum of boiled rice (he should offer a Bali) when a donation has been made.

18. siddhe sâyamprâtar bhûtam ity ukta om ity ukkair brûyât. 19. ma kshâ namas ta ity upâmsu. 20. havishyasyânnasya guhuyât prâgâpatyam sauvishtakritam ka. 21. balim nayed. 22. bahir antar vâ katur nidhâya. 23. manikadese. 24. madhye dvâri. 25. sayyâm anu. 26. varkam [sic] vâ. 27. ऽtha sastûpam. 28. ekaikam ubhayatah parishiñkek. 29. khesham adbhis sârdham dakshinâ ninayet. 30. phalîkaranânâm apâm âkâmasveti (read, âkâmasyeti) visrânite.

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31. The gods to whom the Bali offerings belong, are, the Earth, Vâyu, Pragâpati, the Visve devâs, the Waters, the Herbs and Trees, the Ether, Kama or Manyu, the hosts of Rakshas, the Fathers, Rudra.

32. He should do so silently.

33. He should do so (i.e. offer Balis) of all food.

34. If for one meal the food gets ready at different times, he should do so only once.

35. If (food is prepared) at different places, (he should take) that which belongs to the householder.

36. Of all food he should offer (something) in the fire, and give the due portion to a Brâhmana; he should do so himself.

37. From the rice(-harvest) till the barley(-harvest), or from the barley(-harvest) till the rice(-harvest) he should offer (the Balis) himself. He should offer (the Balis) himself.

End of the First Patala.

31. Prithivî Vâyuh Pragâpatir Visve devâ Âpa Oshadhivanaspataya Âkâsah Kâmo Manyur vâ Rakshoganâh Pitaro Rudra iti balidaivatâni. 32. tûshnîm to kuryât. 33. sarvasya tv annasyaitat kuryâd. 34. asakrik ked ekasmin kale siddhe sakrid eva kuryâd. 35. bahudhâ ked yad grihapateh. 36. sarvasya tv annasyâgnau kritvâgram brâhmanâya dadyât; svayam kuryâd. 37. vrîhiprabhrity â yavebhyo yavebhyo vâऽvrîhibhya svayam haret svayam haret. prathamapatalah.

Footnotes

385:1-9 5, 1-9 = Gobhila I, 1, 20-28.

386:10-19 10-19 = I, 3, 6-18 (16 deest).

387:20-37 20-37 = 1, 4, 1 seqq.

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PATALA II, KHANDA 1.

1 1-3. Of the sacrifices of the new and full moon, the full-moon sacrifice should be performed first.

2. If (the term for the sacrifice) of the new moon comes first, he should first celebrate the full-moon sacrifice and then perform that.

3. Some say that he should not perform it, and wait till the day of the full moon.

4 4. In the afternoon, husband and wife, after having bathed, should eat fast-day food.

5 5-8. Mânadantavya has said: 'He who eats fast-day food, obtains offspring better than himself; he gains favour; hunger will not attack him.'

6. Therefore one should eat (fast-day food) which he likes.

7. He should do nothing unholy (such as cohabiting with his wife).

8. After he has sacrificed the morning oblation,

9 9-16. He should pour out the sacrificial food with (the formula), 'Agreeable to such and such (a deity) I pour thee out:' (this formula) referring to the

II, 1, 1. paurnamâsopakramau darsapaurnamâsau. 2. dârsam ket pûrvam upapadyeta paurnamâseneshtvâtha tat kuryâd. 3. akurvan paurnamâsîm âkâṅkshed ity eke. 4. ऽparâhne snâtvaupavasathikam dampatî bhuñgîyâtâm. 5. Mânadantavya uvâka: sreyasîm pragâm vindate kâmyo bhavaty akshodhuko ya aupavasathikam bhuṅkte. 6. tasmâd yat kâmayeta tad bhuñgîta. 7. nâvratyam âkaret. 8. prâtarâhutim hutvâ 9. havir nirvaped amushmai tvâ gushtam nirvapâmîti devatâsrayam sakrid yagur vâ dvis tûshnîm.

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deity, or a Yagus, (is repeated) once; twice (it is done) silently.

10. He should wash (the food) thrice, (if it is destined) for gods;

11. Twice, if for men;

12. Once, if for the Fathers.

13. Stirring it up with the pot-ladle from the left to the right he should cook it.

14. When he has cooked it, he should sprinkle (Âgya) on it, should take it from the fire towards the north, and should again sprinkle (Âgya) on it.

15. Thus all kinds of Havis (are prepared).

16. Having put (the Havis) on the sacrificial grass,

17 17-27. He should sacrifice the two Âgya portions (in the following way): Having taken four portions of Âgya—five portions are taken by the Bhrigus (or at least?) by the Gâmadagnyas [see Indische Studien, 10, 95]—(he should make two oblations), to the north with (the formula), 'To Agni Svâhâ!' to the south with (the formula), 'To Soma Svâhâ!'

18. Others (do it) conversely.

19. Having 'spread under' Âgya, he should cut off with the pot-ladle (portions) of the Havis from the middle and from the eastern side;

10. trir devebhyah prakshâlayed. 11. dvir manushyebhyah. 12. sakrit pitribhyo. 13. mekshanena pradakshinam udâyuvañ srapayek. 14. khritam abhighâryodag udvâsya pratyabhighârayet. 15. sarvâny evam havîmshi. 16. barhishy âsâdyâ. 17. ऽgyabhâgau guhuyâk katurgrihîtam âgyam grihîtvâ pañkâvattam Bhrigûnâm Gâmadagnyânâm Agnaye svâhety uttaratah Somâyeti dakshinato. 18. viparîtam itara. 19. âgyam upastîrya havishoऽvadyen mekshanena madhyât purastâd iti.

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20. One who takes five cut-off portions (see Sûtra 17), also from the western side.

21. After he has sprinkled (Âgya) on (the cut-off portions), he anoints the places from which he has cut them off, (with Âgya).

22. (This anointing) is omitted at the Svishtakrit oblation.

23. He should sacrifice with (the formula), 'To N.N. Svâhâ!'—according to the god to whom the oblation belongs.

24. At the Svishtakrit oblation he 'spreads under' once—twice if he is a Bhrigu—(cuts off) once (a portion) of the Havis, sprinkles (Âgya) on it twice, and sacrifices it in a north-eastern direction with (the formula), 'To Agni Svishtakrit Svâhâ!

25. Having put a piece of wood (on the fire),

26. He should dip Darbha-blades (of the sacrificial grass strewn round the fire) three times, the points, the middle, and the roots, into the Âgya or into the Havis with (the words), 'May the birds come, licking what has been anointed.' Then, after having sprinkled (those Darbha-blades with water), he should throw them into the fire, with (the verse), 'Thou who art the lord of cattle, Rudra, who walkest with the lines (of cattle), the manly one: do no harm to our cattle; let this be offered to thee. Svâhâ!'

20. paskak ka pañkâvatty. 21. abhighârya pratyanakty avadânasthânâni. 22. na svishtakrito. 23. ऽmushmai svâheti guhuyâd yaddevatyam syât. 24. svishtakritah sakrid upastîrya dvir Bhrigûnâm sakrid dhavisho [sic] dvir abhighâryâgnaye svishtakrite svâheti prâgudîkyâm guhuyât. 25. samidham âdhâya. 26. darbhân âgye havishi vi trir avadhâyâgramadhyamûlâny aktam rihânâ viyantu vaya ity abhyukshyâgnâv anuprahared yah pasûnâm adhipatî Rudras tantikaro vrishâ pasûn asmâkam mâ himsîr etad astu hutan tava svâheti.

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27. This (ceremony is called) Yagñavâstu.

28 28. He should perform it at all (sacrifices).

29 29-31. The remnants of the Havis he should take away in a northern direction, and should give them to the Brahman.

30. A full vessel constitutes the fee for the sacrifice;

31. Or as much as he can afford.

27. tad yagñavâstu. 28. sarvatra kuryâd. 29. dhavir ukkhishtam udag udvâsya brahmane dadyât. 30. pûrnapâtram dakshinâ. 31. yathotsâham vâ.

Footnotes

389:1-3 II, 1,1-3 desunt.

389:4 4 = Gobhila I, 5, 26.

389:5-8 5-8 = I, 6, 1-13.

389:9-16 9-16 (15 deest) = I, 7, 2-19.

390:17-27 17-27 (18, 23 desunt) = I, 8, 3-29.

392:28 28 deest.

392:29-31 29-31 = I, 9, 1. 6. 11.

KHANDA 2.

1 1-4. By one who has not set up the sacred fires, a mess of cooked food, sacred to Agni, is offered at the festivals of the full and new moon;

2. By one who has set them up, one sacred to Agni and Soma at the full moon;

3. One sacred to Indra, or to Mahendra, or to Indra and Agni, at the new moon;

4. Or as (the sacrifice is performed) by one who has not set up the sacred fires.

5 5-14. The time at which the morning oblation may be offered, is the whole day;

6. For the evening oblation the night;

7. For the sacrifice of the full moon the whole second fortnight (of the month);

2, 1. Âgneya sthâlîpâkoऽnâhitâgner darsapûrnamâsayor. 2. agnîshomîyah paurnamâsyâm âhitâgner. 3. aindro mâhendro vaindrâgno vâmâvâsyâyâm. 4. yathâ vânâhitâgnes. 5. sarvam ahah prâtarâhute sthânam. 6. râtris sâyamâhutes. 7. sarvoऽparapakshah paurnamâsasya.

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8. For the sacrifice of the new moon the first fortnight.

9. Some say that he should keep his vow (until the sacrifice is performed) by abstaining from food.

10. If (the proper) sacrificial food is wanting, let him offer fruits of sacrificially pure (plants or trees);

11. Or leaves (of such plants or trees);

12. Or water.

13. For (even if he offers water) the sacrifice has been performed.

14. A penance (is prescribed) for one who does not perform the sacrifice.

15 15-16. If no Havis is indicated, one should offer Âgya.

16. The deity (only should be named), if no Mantra is indicated.

17 17-23. In the third month of the first pregnancy (of the sacrificer's wife he should perform) the Pumsavana (i.e. the ceremony to secure the birth of a son).

18. After she has bathed, her husband should put on her a (new) garment that has not yet been washed, and after having sacrificed he should stand behind her.

19. Grasping down over her right shoulder he

8. pûrvapaksho dârsasyâ. 9. bhoganena santanuyâd ity eke. 10. ऽvidyamâne havye yagñiyânâm phalâni guhuyât. 11. palâsâni vâ. 12. ऽpo vâ. 13. hutam hi. 14. prâyaskittam ahutasyâ. 15. ऽgyañ guhuyâd dhavishoऽnâdese. 16. devatâ [corr. devatâm?] mantrânâdese. 17. prathamagarbhe tritîye mâsi pumsavanam. 18. snâtâm ahatenâkhâdya hutvâ patih prishthatas tishthed. 19. dakshinam amsam anvabhimrisyânantarhitam (°hitâm, °hitân, the MSS.) nâbhidesam abhimriset pumâmsâv ity.

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should touch the uncovered place of her navel with (the verse), 'The two men' (MB. I, 4, 8).

20. Then another (ceremony). Having bought for three times seven barley corns or beans, a Nyagrodha-shoot which has fruits on both sides, which is not dry, and not touched by worms, he should set that up with (the formula), Ye herbs everywhere, being well-minded, bestow strength on this (shoot); for it will do its work.'

21. He then should take it and place it in the open air.

22. A girl, or a (wife) addicted (to her husband), or a student, or a Brâhmanî should pound (that Nyagrodha-shoot) without moving backward (the stone with which she pounds it).

23. (The husband) should make (the wife) who has bathed, lie down, and should insert (that pounded substance) into her right nostril with (the verse), 'A man is Agni' (MB. I, 4, 9).

24 24-27. Then in the fourth or sixth month (of her pregnancy) the Sîmantonnayana (or parting of the hair is performed) for her.

25. After she has bathed, her husband should put on her a garment that has not yet been washed,

20. athâparam nyagrodhasuṅgâm ubhayatahphalâm asrâmâm akrimiparisriptâm trissaptair yavaih parikrîyotthâpayen mâshair vâ sarvatraushadhayas sumanaso bhûtvâ (hutvâ, hutvâm the MSS.) ऽsyâm vîryam samâdhatteyam karma karishyatîty. 21. âhritya vaihâyasîm kuryât. 22. kumârî vratavatî brahmakârî brâhmanî vâ peshayed apratyâharantî. 23. snâtâm samvesya dakshine nâsikâsrotasy âsiñket pumân Agnir ity. 24. athâsyâs katurthe mâsi shashthe vâ sîmantonnayanam. 25. snâtâm ahatenâkhâdya hutvâ patih prishthatas tishthann anupûrvayâ phalavrikshasâkhayâ sakrit sîmantam unnayet trisvetayâ salalyâyam ûrgâvato vriksha iti.

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and after having sacrificed, he should stand behind her and should part her hair once with a well-proportioned (?) branch of a tree, on which there are fruits, (and) with a porcupine's quill that has three white spots, with (the verse), 'Rich in sap is this tree' (MB. I, 5, 1).

26. While she looks at a mess of boiled rice with sesamum seeds, covered with ghee, he should ask her, 'What dost thou see?'

27. He should make her reply, 'Offspring!'

28 28-34. When the child is appearing, the sacrifice for the woman in labour (is to be performed)—

29. With the two verses, 'She who athwart' (MB. I, 5, 6 seq.).

30. He should give a name to the child, 'N.N.!'

31. That (is his) secret (name).

32. Before the navel-string is cut off and the breast is given (to the child, the father) should have rice and barley grains pounded in the way prescribed for the Nyagrodha-shoot (see Sûtra 22).

33. He should take thereof with his (right) thumb and fourth finger and give it to the child to eat, with (the formula), 'This order' (MB. I, 5, 8).

34. And butter with (the verse), 'May intelligence to thee' (MB. I, 5, 9).

26. krisarasthâlîpâkam uttaraghritam aveksha[n]tîm prikkhet kim pasyasîti. 27. pragâm iti vâkayet. 28. pratishthite vastau soshyantîhomah. 29. yâ tiraskîti dvâbhyâm. 30. asâv iti nâma dadhyât. 31. tad guhyam. 32. prâṅ nâbhikrintanât stanadânâk ka vrîhiyavau peshayek khuṅgâvritâ. 33. ऽṅgushthenânâmikayâ kâdâya kumâram prâsayed iyam âgñeti. 34. sarpis ka medhân ta iti.

Footnotes

392:1-4 2, 1-4 = Gobhila I, 8, 22-25.

392:5-14 5-14 = I, 9, 14 seqq.

393:15-16 15, 16 desunt.

393:17-23 17-23 = II, 6.

394:24-27 24-27 = II, 7, 1 seqq.

395:28-34 28-34 = II, 7, 13 seqq.

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KHANDA 3.

1 1-5. On the third (Tithi) of the third bright fortnight after his birth, the father should have the child bathed in the morning, and after sunset he should, holding up his joined hands, towards the auspicious directions (of the horizon), worship the moon.

2. The mother, having dressed (the son) in a clean (garment), should hand him, with his face turned to the north, to the father.

3. She then should pass behind (her husband's) back, and should station herself towards the north.

4. After he has performed worship (to the moon) with the three (verses), 'Thy heart, O thou with the well-parted hair' (MB. I, 5, 10 seqq.), and has handed over the son, turning him towards the north, to his mother, he should pour water out of his joined hands with (the verse), 'What in the moon' (l.l. 13).

5. (He should do the same) twice silently.

6 6-12. After a period of ten nights, or of a hundred nights, or of one year after (the child's birth) he should give him a name.

7. He who is going to perform (that ceremony-the father or a representative of the father), after he

3, 1. gananâg gyautsne tritîye tritîyâyâm prâta snâpya kumâram astam ite sântâsu dikshu pitâ kandramasam upatishthet prâñgalih. 2. sukinâkhâdya mâtâ prayakhed udaksirasam. 3. anuprishtham gatvottaratas tishthed. 4. yat te susîma iti tisribhir upasthâyodañkam mâtre pradâya yad ada ity apâm añgalim avasiñked. 5. dvis tûshnîm. 6. gananâd ûrdhvam dasarâtrâk khatarâtrât samvatsarâd vâ nâma kuryât. 7. snâpya kumâram karishyata upavishtasya sukinâkhâdya mâtâ prayakhed udaksirasam.

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has had the boy bathed, should sit down, and the mother, having dressed him in a clean (garment), should hand him, with his face turned to the north, to the performer (of the ceremony).

8. She then should walk around behind (his) back and should sit down towards the north.

9. He should sacrifice and should touch the sense-organs at (the boy's) head with the (Mantra), 'Who art thou?' (MB. I, 5, 14, 15.)

10. 'N.N.!'—(at the place thus indicated in the Mantra) he should give him a name.

11. The same (he should pronounce) at the end of the Mantra.

12. He should tell it to the mother first.

13 13-15. (The father) when returning from a journey, should grasp (with his two hands) his son round the head, with (the verses), 'From limb by limb' (MB. I, 5, 16-18).

14. With (the formula), 'With the cattle's' (l.l. 19), he should kiss him.

15. Silently (he should do the same) with a daughter.

16 16-33. In the third year the tonsure (of the child's head is performed).

17. There the barber, warm water, a mirror, or a

8. anuprishtham gatvottarata upavised. 9. dhutvâ koऽsîti tasya mukhyân prânân abhimrised. 10. asâv iti nâma kuryât. 11. tad eva mantrânte. 12. mâtre prathamam âkhyâya. 13. viproshyâṅgâd aṅgâd iti putrasya mûrdhânam parigrihnîyât. 14. pasûnâm tvety abhigighret. 15. tûshnîm striyas. 16. tritîye varshe kaulan. 17. tatra nâpita ushnodakam âdarsah kshuro vaudumbarah piñgûlya iti dakshinata.

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razor of Udumbara-wood, and (Darbha)-blades (ate placed) towards the south.

18. A bull's dung and a mess of boiled rice with sesamum seeds which may be more or less cooked, to the north;

19. And the mother with the son in her lap.

20. (The performer of the ceremony), after having sacrificed, should look, with (the Mantra), 'Hither has come' (MB. I, 6, 1), at the barber, fixing his thoughts on (the god) Savitri.

21. With (the Mantra), 'With warm water' (l.l. 2), he should look at the warm water, fixing his thoughts on Vâyu.

22. With (the Mantra), 'May the waters' (l.l. 3), he moistens (the boy's hair).

23. With (the Mantra), 'Vishnu's (l.l. 4), he should look at the mirror or at the razor of Udumbara-wood.

24. With (the Mantra), 'Herb!' (l.l. 5) he puts seven Darbha-blades, with their points upwards (i.e. towards the boy's head?), into (his hair).

25. With (the formula), 'Axe!' (l.l. 6) (he presses them down) with the mirror or with the razor of Udumbara-wood.

26. With (the Mantra), 'With which Pûshan' (l.l. 7), he should move forward (the razor) three

18. ânaduho gomayah krisarasthâlîpâko vrithâpakva ity uttarato. 19. mâtâ ka kumâram âdâya. 20. hutvâyam agâd iti nâpitam prekshet Savitâram dhyâyann. 21. ushnenety ushnodakam prekshed Vâyum dhyâyann. 22. âpa ity untte (aṅte, umde, uṅmte, uṅte the MSS.). 23. Vishnor ity âdarsam prekshetaudumbaram vau. 24. ऽshadha iti darbhapiñgûlîs saptordhvâgrâ abhinidhâya. 25. svadhita ity âdarsena kshurenaudumbarena vâ. 26. yena Pûsheti dakshinatas trih prâñkam prohet.

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times towards the east on the right side (of the boy's hair).

27. Cutting (the hair) once with a razor of metal he should throw the hair on the bull's dung.

28. The same rites, beginning from the moistening (of the hair, are repeated) on the left side and on the back side (of the child's head).

29. Grasping (with his two hands) the boy round his head he should murmur (the verse), 'The threefold age' (l.l. 8).

30. Walking away (from the fire) in a northern direction he should have the arrangement of (the boy's) hair made according to the custom of his Gotra and of his family.

31. Let them bury the hair in the forest.

32. Some throw them on a bunch (of grass or the like).

33. A cow constitutes the sacrificial fee.

27. sakrid âyasena prakhidyânaduhe gomaye kesân kuryâd. 28, undanaprabhrity evam paskâd uttaratas ka. 29. tryâyusham iti putrasya mûrdhânam parigrihya gaped. 30. udaiṅṅ utsripya kusalîkârayed yathâgotrakulakalpam. 31. aranye kesân nikhaneyuh. 32. stambe nidadhaty eke. 33. gaur dakshinâ.

Footnotes

396:1-5 3, 1-5 = Gobhila II, 8, 1-7.

396:6-12 6-12 = II, 8, 8-17.

397:13-15 13-15 = II, 8, 21-25.

397:16-33 16-33 = II, 9.

KHANDA 4.

1 1. Let him initiate a Brâhmana in his eighth year.

2. For him the time (for being initiated) has not passed until his sixteenth (year).

3. In the eleventh a Kshatriya.

4, 1. ashtame varshe brâhmanam upanayet. 2. tasyâ shodasâd anatîtah kâla. 3. ekâdase kshatriyam.

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4. For him (the time has not passed) until the twenty-second.

5. In the twelfth a Vaisya.

6. For him (the time has not passed) until the twenty-fourth.

7. After (the student's) hair has been arranged, and he has been adorned, and dressed in a garment which has not yet been washed, (the teacher) should sacrifice with (the Mantras which the student recites), 'Agni! Lord of the vow!' (MB. I, 6, 9-13.)

8. He should cause (the student) to stand northwards of the fire, facing the west, and to join his hands.

9. And he should himself join his hands above (the student's hands).

10. A Brâhmana versed in the Mantras who stands towards the south, should fill the teacher's joined hands with water.

11. While (the student?) looks at him, (the teacher) should murmur (the Mantra), 'With him who comes to us' (MB. I, 6, 14).

12. (The student) to whom (the teacher) has said, 'What is thy name?' should pronounce a name which he is to use at respectful salutations, derived from (the name of) a deity or a Nakshatra, 'I am N.N.!' (l.l. 17.)

4. tasyâ dvâvimsâd. 5. dvâdase vaisyam. 6. tasyâ katurvimsât. 7. kusalîkritam alamkritam ahatenâkhâdya hutvâgne vratapata ity. 8. uttaratoऽgneh pratyaṅmukham avasthâpyâñgalim kârayet. 9. svayam kopari kuryâd. 10. dakshinatas tishthan mantravân brâhmana âkâryâyodakâñgalim pûrayed. 11. âgantreti gapet prekshamâne [sic]. 12. ko nâmâsîty ukto devatâsrayam nakshatrâsrayam vâbhivâdanîyam nâma brûyâd asâv asmîty.

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13. Having let the water run (out of his joined hands over the student's hands) the teacher should seize with his two hands, holding the right uppermost, (the student's) joined hands, with (the formula), By the impulse of the god Sâvitrî' (l.l. 18).

14. With (the formula), 'Move in the sun's course' (l.l. 19) he should make him turn round from left to right.

15. Grasping down over his right shoulder he should touch his uncovered navel with (the formula), '(Thou art the knot) of all breath' (l.l. 20).

16. He then should give him in charge (to the gods) with the Antaka and the other formulas (l.l. 20 seqq.).

17. (He touches) his right shoulder with (the formula), 'To Pragâpati (I give) thee (in charge)' (l.l. 23),

18. His left shoulder with his left (hand) with (the formula), 'To the god Savitri (I give) thee (in charge)' (l.l. 24).

19. Having directed him (to observe the duties of Brahmakarya, by the formula), 'A student art thou' (l.l. 25, 26), (the teacher) sitting down should from left to right tie round the student, who bends his right knee and clasps his hands, the girdle made of Muñga grass, and should cause him to repeat (the verse), 'Protecting us from evil word' (l.l. 27).

13. utsrigyâpo devasya ta iti dakshinottarâbhyâm hastâbhyâm añgalim grihnîyâd âkâryas. 14. Sûryasyeti pradakshinam âvartayed. 15. dakshinam amsam anvavamrisyânantarhitâm nâbhim âlabhet prânânâm ity. 16. athainam pariadyâd antakaprabhritibhir. 17. dakshinam amsam Pragâpataye tveti. 18. savyena savyam devâya tveti. 19. brahmakâry asîti sampreshyopavisya (samprekshy°, samprokshy° the MSS.) dakshninagânvaktam añgalîkritam pradakshinam muñgamekhalâm âbadhnan vâkayed iyam duruktâd ity.

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20. With (the words), 'Recite, sir!' (the student) should respectfully sit down near (the teacher).

21. He then recites the Sâvitrî (l.l. 29) to him, Pâda by Pâda, hemistich by hemistich, (and finally) the whole-thus he should teach him the Sâvitrî,

22. And the Mahâvyâhritis, one by one,

23. And the word Om.

24. He hands over to him the staff, which should be made of (the wood of) a tree—

25. With (the formula which the student has to recite), 'O glorious one, make me glorious' (l.l. 34).

26. Let him put a piece of wood (on the fire) with (the verse), 'To Agni a piece of wood' (l.l. 32).

27. Let him go to beg food;

28. First of his mother,

29. Then of other women friends.

30. He should announce the alms (received) to his teacher.

31. He should stand silently till sunset.

32. Through a period of three nights he should avoid eating saline food and drinking milk.

20. adhîhi bho ity upasîdet. 21. tasmâ anvâha sâvitrîm pakkho ऽrdharkasas sarvâm iti sâvitrîm vâkayed. 22. mahâvyâhritîs kaikaikasa. 23. omkârañ ka. 24. prayakhaty asmai vârksham dandam. 25. susravas susravasam meti. 26. samidham âdadhyâd Agnaye samidham iti. 27. bhaiksham karen. 28. mâtaram agre. 29. ऽthânyâs suhrida. 30. âkâryâya bhaikshan nivedayet. 31. tishthed âstamayât tûshnîm. 32. trirâtram kshâralavane dugdham iti vargayet.

Footnotes

399:1 4, 1 = Gobhila II, 10.

KHANDA 5.

1 1-21. At the Godâna (or cutting of the beard) the

5, 1. atha goalie kaulavat kalpah.

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rite is identical with the Kaula (cutting of the hair; see above, chap. 3, 16 seqq.).

2. He should have (his beard) and the hair of his body shaven.

3. The sacrificial fee consists of an ox and a cow, or of a pair of horses, or of sheep, for the (three) castes respectively,

4. Or of a cow for all (castes).

5. A goat (is given) to the person who catches up the hair.

6. The initiation (connected with the Godânakarman, &c.) has been declared.

7. (One should) not initiate one who does not intend to keep the vow through one year.

8. (The use of) a garment, however, which has not yet been washed (see chap. 4, 7), is not prescribed (here),

9. Nor the adornment (chap. 4, 7).

10. (The observances prescribed for the Godânavrata are the following:)

He should sleep on the ground.

11. He should avoid eating honey and flesh.

12. He should avoid sexual intercourse, shaving, (luxurious) bathing, combing his head, and cleansing his teeth and his feet (in a luxurious way).

13. nâsya kâme reta skandet.

14. Let him not mount a chariot yoked with cows,

2. salomam vâpayed. 3. goऽsvâvimithunâni dakshinâh prithag varnânâm. 4. sarveshâm vâ gaur. 5. agah kesapratigrahâyo. 6. ऽktam upanayanam. 7. nâkarishyantam samvatsaram. 8. aniyuktan tv ahatam. 9. athâlamkâro. 10. ऽdhassamvesy. 11. amadhumâmsâsî syân. 12. maithunakshurakrityasnânâvalekhanadantadhâvanapâdadhâvanâni vargayen. 13. nâsya kâme reta skanden. 14. na goyuktam ârohen.

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15. Nor (wear) shoes in the village.

16. Wearing the girdle, going the rounds for alms, (carrying) a staff, putting fuel (on the fire), touching water, reverentially saluting (the teacher) in the morning: (these are the) standing (duties).

17. The Godâna-vrata, the Vrâtika-vrata, the Âditya-vrata, the Upanishad-vrata, and the Gyeshthasâma-vrata (last) one year (each).

18. The Âditya-vrata some (do) not (undergo).

19. They who undergo it, wear one garment.

20. They allow nothing to be between (themselves and) the sun.

21. And they do not descend into water.

22 22-34. For the Sakvarî verses, twelve, nine, six, or three (years through which the Vrata is to be kept) make up the various possibilities.

23. He (who keeps the Sâkvara-vrata) wears dark clothes.

24. He eats dark food.

25. He is entirely addicted to his teacher.

26. He should stand in day-time.

27. He should sit at night.

28. According to some (teachers, the Vrata may last only) one year, if the ancestors (of the student) have learnt (the Sakvarî verses).

25. na grâma upânahau. 16. mekhalâdhâranabhaikshâkaranadandasamidâdhânopasparsanaprâtarabhivâdâ nityam. 1 7. godânavrâtikâdityavratopanishaggyeshthasâmikâs samvatsarâ. 18. nâdityavratam ekeshâm. 19. ye karanty ekavâsaso bhavanty. 20. âdityañ ka nântardadhate. 21. na kâpoऽbhyupayanti. 22. sakvarînâm dvâdasa nava shat traya iti vikalpâh. 23. krishnavastrah. 24. krishnabhaksha. 25. âkâryâdhînas. 26. tishthed divâ. 27. ऽsîta naktam. 28. samvatsaram ekeshâm pûrvais srutâs ked.

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29. (The teacher) should sing (those verses) to (the student) who has fasted and veiled his eyes (thinking), 'May (the teacher) not burn me (with the Sakvarî verses).'

30. In the morning they make (the student) look at such things as they expect will not burn him, viz. water, fire, a calf, the sun.

31. At water (he should look) with (the words), 'Water have I beheld!' At fire with (the words), 'Light have I beheld!' At the calf with (the words), 'Cattle have I beheld!' At the sun with (the words), 'The sky have I beheld!'—thus he should break his silence.

32. A cow is the fee (for the teacher),

33. A brazen vessel, a garment, and a golden ornament.

34. At the Anupravakanîya ceremonies (see Âsvalâyana-Grihya I, 22, 12) he should sacrifice Âgya with (the two verses), 'To the Rik, to the Sâman we sacrifice' (Sâma-veda I, 369), and, 'The lord of the seat' (Sv. I, 171).

35 35-37. If he has touched a fire-altar or a sacrificial post, if he has humming in his ears, or if his eye

29. uposhitâya parinaddhâkshâyânugâpayed yathâ mâ na pradhakshyatîti. 30. tam prâtar abhivîkshayanti yâny apradhakshyanti manyanteऽpoऽgnim vatsam âdityam. 31. apoऽbhivyakhyam ity apo gyotir abhivyakhyam ity agnim pasûn abhivyakhyam iti vatsam sur [sic] abhivyakhyam ity âdityam visriged vâkam. 32. gaur dakshinâ. 33. kamso vâso rukmas kâ. 34. ऽnupravakanîyeshv rikam sâma Sadasaspatim iti kâgyam guhuyâk. 35. kityayûpopasparsanakarnakrosâkshivepaneshu sûryâbhyuditas sûryâbhinimrukta indriyais ka pâpasparsaih punar mâm ity etâbhyâm âhutîr (correct, âhutî?) guhuyâd.

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palpitates, or if the sun rises or sets while he is sleeping, or if his organs of sense have been defiled by something bad, he should sacrifice two oblations of Âgya with the two (verses), 'May (my strength) return to me;

36. Or two pieces of wood anointed with Âgya.

37. Or he may murmur (those verses) at light (offences). Or he may murmur (those verses) at light (offences).

End of the Second Patala.

36. âgyalipte vâ samidhau. 37. gaped vâ laghushu, gaped vâ laghushu. dvitîyapatalah.

Footnotes

402:1-21 5, 1-21 = Gobhila III, 1.

404:22-34 22-34 = III, 2.

405:35-37 35-37 = III, 3, 34-36.

PATALA III, KHANDA 1.

1 1-32. When (the student) is going to take the bath (at the end of his studentship), he seats himself in an enclosure to the east of his teacher's house.

2. The teacher (sits) facing the north,

3. On eastward-pointed (Darbha-grass).

4. Thus one (should act) who is desirous of holy lustre.

5. (The student should sit) in a cow-stable, if he is desirous of cattle,

6. In an assembly-hall, if desirous of renown.

7. Let him boil water with all kinds of herbs,

8. And with scents.

9. With that water, which must be lukewarm, the teacher should besprinkle (the student).

10. Or (the student should do so) himself, because that is signified by the Mantra.

11. Some say that both (should do so).

12. The teacher should say (in the Mantra), 'Therewith (I besprinkle) him,' (instead of, 'Therewith I besprinkle myself').

13. With (the verses), 'Which in the waters' (MB. I, 7, 1) (the student) should pour out his joined hands full of water;

III, 1, 1. âplavane purastâd âkâryakulasya parivrita âsta. 2. udaṅmukha âkâryah. 3. prâgagreshv. 4. evam brahmavarkasakâmo. 5. goshthe pasukâmas. 6. sabhâyâm yasaskâmah. 7. sarvaushadhenâpah phânayet. 8. surabhibhis ka. 9. tâbhis sîtoshnâbhir âkâryoऽbhishiñket. 10. svayam vâ mantrâbhivâdâd. 11. ubhâv ity eke. 12. tenemam ity âkâryo brûyâd. 13. ye apsv ity apâm añgalim avasiñked.

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14. And with (the formula), 'What (is dreadful) in the waters' (l.l. 2);

15. And silently.

16. With (the formula), 'The shining one' (l.l. 3), he should draw (some water) and should besprinkle himself (therewith);

17. And with (the verse), 'By which the wife' (l.l. 5);

18. And silently.

19. With (the formulas), 'Rising' (l.l. 6-8), he should worship the sun.

20. He may repeat (the sections of that Mantra) continuously.

21. If he repeats them separately, he should add at the end (of each section), 'The eye art thou' (l.l. 9).

22. With (the verse), 'Loosen the highest' (l.l. 10), he should take off the girdle.

23. After he has eaten something, he should have his hair, his beard, the hair of his body, and his nails cut, so as to leave the lock of hair (as required by the custom of his family).

24. Having adorned himself and put on clothes which have not yet been washed, he should put a garland (on his head) with (the formula), 'Luck' (l.l. 11).

25. The two shoes (he puts on) with (the formula), Leaders are you' (l.l. 12).

14. yad apâm iti ka. 15. tûshnîñ ka. 16. yo rokana iti grihyâtmânam abhishiñked. 27. yena striyam iti ka. 18. tûshnîñ ko. 19. ऽdyann ity âdityam upatishthet. 20. samasyed vâ. 21. viharann anusamharek kakshur asîty. 22. ud uttamam iti mekhalâm avamuñket. 23. prâsya vâpayek khikâvargam kesasmasrulomanakhâny. 24. alamkritoऽhatavâsasâ srîr iti sragam pratimuñken. 25. netryau stha ity upânahau.

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26. With (the formula), 'The Gandharva art thou' (l.l. 13), he takes a bamboo staff.

27. He should approach the teacher and look at the assembly (of pupils, &c.) with (the formula), 'Like an eye-ball' (l.l. 14).

28. Sitting down, he should touch the sense-organs at his head with (the Mantra), 'Covered by the lips' (l.l. I5).

29. Let him touch a chariot yoked with oxen, with (the verse), 'O tree' (l.l. 16).

30. With (the words), 'He who stands on thee' (l.l. 16), he should mount it.

31. Having driven (some distance) in an eastern or northern direction, he should turn round from left to right.

32. Some say that when he has come back, (his teacher should offer to him) the Argha reception.

33 33-44. From that time he shall assume a dignified demeanour.

34. nâgâtalomnyopahâsam ikkhet.

35. Nor (should he wish for sport) with a girl who is the only child of her mother,

36. Nor with a woman during her courses,

37. Nor with (a woman) who descends from the same Rishis.

38. Let him not eat food which has been brought

26. vainavam dandam âdadyâd Gandharvoऽsîty. 27. upetyâkâryam parishadam prekshed yaksham ivety. 28. upavisyaushthâpidhâneti mukhyân prânân abhimrised. 29. goyuktam ratham âlabhed vanaspata ity. 30. âsthâtâ ta ity ârohet. 31. prâkîm prayâyodîkîm vâ gatvâ pradakshinam âvartayet. 32. pratyâgatâyârghyam ity eke. 33. vriddhasîli syâd ata ûrdhvam. 34. nâgâtalomnyopahâsam ikkhen. 35. nâyugyâ (read, nâyugvâ). 36. na ragasvalayâ. 37. na samânarshyâ. 38. ऽparayâ dvârâ prapannah (read, prapanna-) dvihpakvaparyushitâni nâsnîyâd.

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by another door (than the usual), or which has been cooked twice, or which has stood over-night—

39. Except such as is prepared of vegetables, flesh, barley, or flour—

40. Or of milk.

41. He shall avoid gathering fruits, looking into wells, running while it is raining, and taking his shoes in his hands.

42. He should not wear a scentless wreath,

43. If it is not a wreath of gold.

44. He should not use the word 'blessed' without a reason.

45 45-52. If he is desirous of thriving (in his cattle), he should with (the Mantra), 'May these' (MB. I, 8, 1) have his cows driven out.

46. When they have come back, (he should recite the Mantra), 'These which are rich in sweet' (l.l. 2).

47. If he is desirous of thriving (in his cattle), he should lick the forehead of the first-born calf, before it is licked by its mother, and should gulp with (the formula), ('Thou art the phlegm) of the cows' (l.l. 3).

48. When the cows have calved, he should at night sacrifice in the cow-stable churned curds with drops of ghee, with (the verse), 'Seizer' (l.l. 4).

39. anyatra sâkamâmsayavapishtavikârebhyah. 40. pâyasâk ka. 41. phalaprakayanodapânâvekshanavarshatidhâvanopânatsvayamharanâni na kuryân. 42. nâgandhâm sragam dhârayen. 43. na ked dhiranyasrag. 44. bhadram iti na vrithâ vyâharet. 45. pushtikâmo gâh prakâlayed imâ ma iti. 46. pratyâgatâ imâ madhumatîr iti. 47. pushtikâma eva prathamagâtasya vatsasya prâṅ mâtuh pralehanâl lalâtam ullihya nigired gavâm iti. 48. sampragâtâsu goshthe nisâyâm vilayanañ guhuyât samgrahanety.

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49. Now another (ceremony). He should make marks on the ears of a male and of a female calf with (the formula), 'The world art thou' (l.l. 5, 6).

50. First on the male.

51. He should recite over them (the Mantra), 'With metal' (l.l. 7).

52. When the rope (to which the calves are bound) is spread out, (let him recite over it the Mantra), 'This rope' (l.l. 8).

49. athâparam vatsamithunayoh karne lakshanam kuryâd bhuvanam iti. 50. pumsoऽgre. 51. lohitenety anumantrayeta. 52. tantîm prasâritâm iyan tantîti.

Footnotes

407:1-32 III, 1, 1-32 = Gobhila III, 4, 7 seqq. (4-6. II, 12, 15, 20 desunt).

409:33-44 33-44 = III, 5 (40 deest).

410:45-52 45-52 = III, 6.

KHANDA 2.

1 1-7. On the full-moon day of (the month) Srâvana, let him carry forward fire from his house, and let him besmear (the place around it) to the extent of more than one prakrama (i.e. step) towards the different directions (of the horizon).

2. Having once taken a quantity of flour, and having put it into (the spoon called) Darvi, he should pour out water on the besmeared place to the east (of the fire), and should offer a Bali with (the formula), (O king of serpents) dwelling towards the east' (MB. II, 1, 1),

3. He should pour out the rest of the water.

4. Having touched water, he should do the same

2, 1. srâvanyâm paurnamâsyâm grihâd agnim atipranîya pratidisam upalimped adhike prakrame. 2. sakridgrihîtân saktûn darvyâm kritvâ pûrvopalipte ninîyâpo yah prâkyâm iti balim nirvapen. 3. ninayed apâm sesham. 4. apa upasprisyaivam pratidisam yathâliṅgam.

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towards the other directions (of the horizon) according as they are mentioned in the Mantras.

5. Between (the besmeared surface) towards the south and that towards the east and the fire (there should be) a passage.

6. After he has thrown the remnants (of flour) out of the basket into the fire, he should go from (the fire) which has been carried forward, to that (fire) which has not (been carried forward), and should turn his hands downwards (so as to touch the earth with them) and should murmur (the Mantra), 'Adoration to the earth's' (l.l. 3).

7. Thence rising he should place (to the north of the fire) a bunch of Darbha-grass with (the Mantra), 'The king Soma' (l.l.4), and should fix his thoughts on the serpents that are in that bunch.

8 8-13. Taking a portion of fried grain, he should go out of the village in a northern or eastern direction, and should sacrifice it with his joined hands with the four (verses), 'Hearken, Râkâ!' (MB. II, 6, 2 seqq.).

9. Walking eastwards he should murmur, 'Be a giver of wealth' (l.l. 6).

10. Thus three times to the different quarters and intermediate quarters (of the horizon).

5. dakshinapaskime antarenâgniñ ka samkarah. 6. sûrpena sishtân agnâv opyâtipranîtâd anatipranîtasyârdham gatvâ nyañkau pânî kritvâ namah Prithivyâ iti gapet. 7. tata utthâya Somo râgeti darbhastambam upasthâya (correct, upasthâpya) stambasthân sarpân manasâ dhyâyann. 8. akshatân âdâya prâṅ vodaṅ vâ grâmân nishkramya guhuyâd añgalinâ haye Râka iti katasribhih. 9. prâṅ utkramya gaped vasuvana edhîti. 10. tris trih pratidisam avântaradeseshu ko.

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11. Looking upwards (he should offer a Bali) to the hosts of divine beings,

12. (Looking) towards the side, to the hosts of other beings;

13. Looking downwards, he should go back (to the fire) without looking back, and should eat the fried grain.

14. On the following day he should prepare flour of fried grain, should put it into a new vessel, and after sunset he should offer Balis.

15. (The same is repeated every day) till the Âgrahâyanî day.

16 16-33. On the full-moon day of Praushthapada (or) under (the Nakshatra) Hasta they should begin the Veda-study;

17. On the full-moon day of Srâvana, according to some (teachers).

18. Having sacrificed as at the Upanayana—

19. He should cause (the students) to recite the Sâvitrî,

20. (The verse), 'Soma, the king' (Sâma-veda I, 91), and the first verses of the Parvans.

21. Let them eat grain and curds with two appropriate (verses).

22. On the following day in the morning let them repeat (the Veda) to their pupils.

11. ऽrdhvam prekshan devayaganebhyas (correct, devaganebhyas). 12. tiryaṅṅ itaraganebhyo. 13. ऽvâṅ prekshan pratyetyânavekshann akshatân prâsnîyâk. 14. khvobhûteऽkshatasaktûn kritvâ nave pâtre nidhâyâstam ite balîn hared. 15. âgrahâyanyâh. 16. praushthapadîm hastenâdhyâyân upâkuryuh. 17. srâvanîm ity eke. 18. hutvopanayanavat. 19. sâvitrîm anuvâkayet. 20. Somam râgânam parvâdîms ka. 21. dhânâ dadhi ka prâsnîyur abhirûpâbhyâm. 22. svobhûte prâtar adhîyîrañ khishyebhyo.

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23. (After each section of the text) they should repeat (as a sort of index?) the beginnings of the Rikas and the Prastâvas (of the Sâmans).

24. Then the Rahasya texts are chanted,

25. Except when lightning is seen or thunder heard.

26. When they have studied four months and a half, they finish on the full-moon day of Pausha.

27. From that time studying is forbidden when clouds appear,

28. And when lightning is seen, or thunder heard, or when it is drizzling.

29. When these three things happen together, (studying is forbidden) till the twilight has thrice passed.

30. On an Ashtakâ, on a new-moon day, on the (three) festivals which come once in four months, and at (the beginning of) the northern course of the sun, (studying is forbidden) for one night with one day before and one day after it.

31. And if a fellow-pupil has died.

32. On the falling of a meteor, or after an earthquake, or an eclipse of the sun or of the moon, on these occasions one should know (that studying is forbidden) until the same time next day.

33. The Kathas and Kauthumas, however, state

23. ऽn.uvâkyâh kuryur rigâdibhih prastâvais kâ. 24. ऽnugânam rahasyânâm. 25. vidyutstanayitnuvargam. 26. ardhapañkamân mâsân adhîtya paushîm utsargas. 27. tata ûrdhvam mantrânâdhyâyo (correct, abhrânâdhyâyo). 28. vidyutstanayitnuvrishtiteshu (correct, °prushiteshu or °prishiteshu; see Ludwig's note on Rig-veda VIII, I, 12) ka. 29. trisannipâte trisandhyam. 30. ashtakâm amâvâsyâm kâturmâsîr udagayane ka pakshinîm râtrîm. 31. sabrahmakârini ka preta. 32. ulkâpâte bhûmikale gyotishos kopasarga eteshv âkâlikam vidyât. 33. kârshvan tu Kathakauthumâh.

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that (when rain has fallen, studying is forbidden) as long as the water stands in the ditches.

Footnotes

411:1-7 2, 1-7. 14. 15 = III, 7.

412:8-13 8-13 = IV, 8, 1 seqq. (to deest).

413:16-33 16-33 = III, 3 (22, 25, 29, 33 desunt).

KHANDA 3.

1 1-15. On the full-moon day of Âsvayuga milk-rice sacred to Rudra (is prepared).

2. He should offer it with (the Mantra), 'Not to our children.'

3. Let him pour Âgya into milk; this is called a Prishâtaka.

4. Therewith he should besprinkle the cows when they have come home, with (the Mantra), 'May Mitra and Varuna' (Sâma-veda I, 220).

5. That night he should let the calves join their mothers.

6. At the sacrifice of the first-fruits, milk-rice sacred to Indra and Agni (is prepared).

7. Let him sacrifice Âgya with the four (verses), 'To the bearer of the hundred weapons' (MB. II, 1, 9 seqq.),

8. And afterwards with (the verse), 'May Agni eat' (l.l. 15).

9. All of them who have received the initiation, should eat the remainder of that (sacrificial food).

10. Having 'spread under' water, he should cut off two portions of the new fruits.

3, 1. âsvayugîm Rudrâya pâyaso. 2. mâ nas toka iti guhuyât. 3. payasy avanayed âgyam tat prishâtakam. 4. tenâbhyâgatâ gâ ukshed â no Mitrâvaruneti. 5. vatsâms ka mâtribhis saha vâsayet tam râtrîm. 6. navayagñe pâyasa aindrâgnah. 7. satâyudhâyeti katasribhir âgyam guhuyâd. 8. uparishtâd Agnih prâsnâtv iti ka. 9. tasya sesham prâsnîyur yâvanta upetâ. 10. upastîryâpo dvir navasyâvadyet.

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11. Three (portions are cut off) by descendants of Bhrigu.

12. Over (these portions) water (is poured).

13. He should swallow (some part of that food) three times without chewing it, with (the Mantra), 'From the good' (l.l. 13);

14. Or at (the partaking of) barley with (the Mantra), 'This barley' (l.l. 16).

15. With (the Mantra), This art thou' (l.l. 14), let him touch the different sense-organs at his head.

16 16-31. The Âgrahâyana ceremony has been explained by the Srâvana (ceremony).

17. Let him (not?) murmur (the Mantra), 'Adoration to the Earth' (see chap. 2, 6).

18. In the evening let him make an oblation of milk-rice with (the verse), 'As the first' (MB. II, 2, 1).

19. Turning downwards his two hands (so as to touch the sacrificial grass) he should murmur (the Mantra), 'In worldly strength' (l.l. 2, 3).

20. Having spread out to the west of the fire a layer of northward-pointed grass, so that it is inclined towards the north, the householder sits down on that layer,

21. (And) the other persons in due order.

22. Then, without an interval, their wives,

11. trir Bhrigûnâm. 12. apâñ koparishtâd. 13. bhadrân na ity asamkhâdya pragiret tris trir. 14. etam u tyam iti vâ yavânâm. 15. amoऽsîti mukhyân prânân abhimrised. 16. âgrahâyanam karma srâvanenaiva vyâkhyâtam. 17. namah Prithivyâ iti gapet (read, iti na gapet?). 18. pradoshe pâyasasya guhuyât prathameti. 19. nyañkau pânî kritvâ prati kshatra iti gapet. 20. paskâd agne svastaram udagagrais trinair udakpravanam âstîrya tasminn âstarane grihapatir âste. 21. ऽnupûrvam itare. 22. ऽnantarâ bhâryâh.

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23. And their children.

24. The householder, turning his hands downwards (so as to touch the layer of grass), should murmur (the Mantra), 'Be soft' (l.l. 4).

25. When he has finished that (verse), they should lie down on their right sides. They should turn round three times, turning themselves towards themselves (i.e. turning round forwards, not backwards, and thus returning to their former position?).

26. Let them repeat the auspicious hymns.

27. Then let them do what they like.

28. The eighth days of the three dark fortnights after the Âgrahâyanî are called the Ashtakâs.

29. On (each of) these a mess of cooked food (is sacrificed),

30. And eight cakes on the first.

31. These he should bake in a dish without turning them round.

32 32-33. On the last (Ashtakâ) vegetables (are offered). (So also) at the Anvâhârya (Srâddha).

33. Let him sacrifice with (the formula), 'To the Ashtakâ Svâhâ!'

23. putrâs ka. 24. nyañkau pânî kritvâ syoneti grihapatir gapet. 25. samâptâyâm dakshinaih pârsvaih samviseyus tris trir abhyâtmam âvritya. 26. svastyayanâni kuryus. 27. tato yathârtham syâd. 28. ûrdhvam âgrahâyanyâs tisras tâmisrâshtamyo ऽshtakâ ity âkakshate. 29. tâsu sthâlîpâkâ. 30. ashtau kâpûpâh prathamâyâm. 31. tân aparivartayan kapâle srapayed. 32. uttamâyâm sâkam anvâhârye. 33. ऽshtakâyai svâheti guhuyât.

Footnotes

415:1-15 3, 1-15 = Gobhila III, 8 (3 deest).

416:16-31 16-31 = III, 9 and 10, 1-17 (29 deest).

417:32-33 32, 33 = IV, 4, 17. 21.

KHANDA 4.

1 1-13. On the middle (Ashtakâ) a cow (is sacrificed).

4, 1. madhyamâyâm gaus.

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2. He should place that (cow) to the east of the fire, facing the west, and should sacrifice (Âgya) with (the verse), 'What, O beasts' (MB. II, 2, 5).

3. After having made that oblation he should recite over (the cow the verse), 'May to thee' (l.l. 6).

4. Let him sprinkle it with water in which barley is, with (the formula), 'Agreeable to the Ashtakâ I sprinkle thee!'

5. Having sprinkled it and carried a fire-brand round it, he should give the Prokshanî water (to the cow) to drink.

6. Going in a northern direction (from the fire) he should kill (the cow), the head of which is turned to the west, the feet to the north.

7. After it has been killed, he should sacrifice (Âgya) with (the verse), 'If the beast' (l.l. 8).

8. His wife should wash the apertures of its body.

9. After (the cow's body) has been opened, so that two purifiers (i.e. grass-blades) have been put under (the knife), he should have the omentum drawn out.

10. Seizing it with one branch and with another forked branch of a sacrificially pure tree he should roast it.

11. When it has ceased to drop, he should hew (the cow) to pieces.

2. tam purastâd agneh pratyaṅmukhîm avasthâpya guhuyâd yat pasava iti. 3. hutvâ kânumantrayetânu tveti. 4. yavamatîbhir adbhih prokshed ashtakâyai tvâ gushtam (correct, gushtâm) prokshâmîti. 5. prokshyolmukena parihritya prokshanîh pâyayed. 6. udaṅṅ utsripya pratyaksirasam (°sim, °sîm the MSS.) udakpadîm samgñapayet. 7. samgñaptâyâm guhuyâd yat pasur iti. 8. tasyâh patnî srotâmsi prakshâlayet. 9. pavitre antardhâyotkritya vapâm uddhârayed. 10. yagñiyasya vrikshasya visâkhâsâkhâbhyâm parigrihyâgnau srapayet. 11. prasritâyâm visased.

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12. The 'spreading under' and sprinkling (Âgya) on (the omentum) has been described. (It is clone) as at the Svishtakrit oblation (see II, 1, 24).

13. He should sacrifice with (the formula), 'To the Ashtakâ Svâhâ!'

14 14-24. The Avadânas (or portions which have to be cut off) he should have taken from all its limbs.

15. Not from the left thigh and the lungs.

16. The left thigh he keeps (for the Anvashtakya).

17. He should cook the Avadânas and a mess of sacrificial food, (stirring up the ones and the other) with two different pot-ladles.

18. The juice he lets drop into a brazen vessel.

19. The Avadânas he puts on branches of the Plaksha tree.

20. From each (Avadâna) he should cut off (the prescribed portions, and should put them) into a brazen vessel;

21. And from the mess of cooked food.

22. Let him take four portions or eight portions of Âgya (?) and let him sacrifice it with (the verses), 'Into Agni' (MB. II, 2, 9 seqq.).

23. Let him make oblations out of the brazen vessel, each oblation with two of the following (verses).

12. uktam upastaranâbhighâranam yathâ svishtakrito. 13. ऽshtakâyai svâheti guhuyât. 14. sarvâṅgebhyoऽvadânâny uddhârayen. 15. na savyât sakthno na klomnah. 16. savyam sakthi nidhâya. 17. prithaṅ mekshanâbhyâm avadânâni sthâlîpâkañ ka srapayitvâ. 18. kamse rasam prasrâvya. 19. plakshasâkhâsv avadânâni kritvai. 20. ऽkaikasmât kamseऽvadyet. 21. sthâlîpâkâk ka. 22. katurgrihîtam ashtagrihîtam vâtra (vâgyam? vâtram, vâtra the MSS.) guhuyâd Agnâv iti. 23. kamsât parâbhir dvâbhyâm dvâbhyâm ekaikâm âhutim.

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24. The oblation to (Agni) Svishtakrit with the eighth (verse).

25 25-28. At a sacrifice to the Fathers the omentum is sacrificed with (the verse), 'Carry the omentum' (MB. II, 3, 16).

26. At one to the gods with (the verse), 'Gâtavedas!' (l.l. 17.)

27. If (the deity is) unknown, (in the formula for) assigning (the oblation, instead of the name of a deity the name of) that (ceremony is put)—

28. As (for instance), 'To the Ashtakâ.'

29. An animal is the sacrificial fee at (the sacrifice of) an animal;

30 30. A full vessel at (that of) a mess of cooked food.

24. sauvishtakritam ashtamyâ. 25. vaha vapâm iti pitrye vapâhomo. 26. Gâtaveda iti daivatye. 27. tadâdesam anâgñâte. 28. yathâshtakâyâ iti. 29. pasur eva pasor dakshinâ. 30. sthâlîpâkasya pûrnapâtram.

Footnotes

417:1-13 4, 1-13 = Gobhila III, 10, 18 seqq.

419:14-24 14-24 = IV, I, 3-17.

420:25-28 25-28 = IV, 4, 22-24 (29 deest).

420:30 30 = 1, 9, 6. 10.

KHANDA 5.

1 1-12. On the ninth or tenth (of the dark fortnight) the Anvashtakya (ceremony is performed).

2. To the south-east (of the house) they partition off (a place with mats or the like), and to the northern part of that (place) he should carry a fire which has been kindled by attrition.

3. Let him take one portion of rice, let him remove the husks once, and let him cook it, stirring it up from right to left.

5, 1. navamîm dasamîm vânvashtakyam. 2. dakshinapûrvabhâge parivârya tatrottarârdhe mathitvâgnim pranayet. 3. sakridgrihîtân vrîhîn sakritphalîkritân prasavyam udâyuvañ srapayed.

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4. And some flesh of that thigh (see above, chap. 4, 16).

5. He should take it from the fire in a southern direction, and should omit the second sprinkling (of Âgya) on it.

6. To the west of the fire he should dig, in the southern part (of the place mentioned in Sûtra 2) three pits, four inches in depth and breadth.

7. He should carry the fire to the east of them.

8. He should strew (Darbha-grass round the fire),

9. And (into) the pits.

10. Having spread out to the west of the fire a layer of southward-pointed grass so that it is inclined towards the south, he should put (a mat) on it.

11. On that (grass) he should place the sacrificial implements, one by one.

12. Cutting off (the prescribed portions of the sacrificial food, and putting those portions) into the brazen vessel he should sacrifice, picking out (portions of the Havis) with the pot-ladle, with (the formulas), 'Svâhâ to Soma Pitrimat! Svâhâ to Agni Kavyavâhana!' (MB. II. 3, 1, 2.)

13 13-31. With his left hand he should lay down a firebrand on the southern side of the pits (Sûtra 6), with

4. amushmâk ka sakthno mâmsam iti. 5. dakshinodvâsya na pratyabhighârayet. 6. paskâd agner dakshinâs tisrah karshûh khanyâk katuraṅgulam adhas tiryak ka. 7. tâsâm purastâd agnim pranayet. 8. strinuyât. 9. karshûs ka. 10. paskâd agne svastaram dakshinâgrais trinair dakshinâpravanam âstîrya brisîm upari nidadhyât. 11. tasminn ekaikam âharet. 12. kamse samavadâya mekshanenopaghâtam guhuyât svâhâ Somâya pitrimate svâhâgnaye kavyavâhanâyeti. 13. savyenolmukam dakshinatah karshûr nidadhyâd apahatâ iti.

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(the formula), '(The Asuras have been) driven away (MB. II, 3, 3).

14. (He should perform the different rites) in the eastern pit for his father,

15. In the middle for his grandfather,

16. In the last for his great-grandfather.

17. Let him pour out vessels of water. from right to left, into the pits, pronouncing the name of each one (of his ancestors), with (the formula), 'N.N.! Wash thyself, and they who follow thee here, and they whom thou followest. To thee Svadhâ!'

18. In the same way he should put down the Pindas for them and should murmur, 'Here, O Fathers, enjoy yourselves; show your manly vigour each for his part' (MB. II, 3, 6).

19. After he has spoken thus, he should turn to the north, doubling his left arm, turning round from right to left.

20. Holding his breath and fixing his thoughts on something good he should, while turning back (in the same way), murmur: 'The Fathers have enjoyed themselves; they have shown their manly vigour each for his part' (MB. II, 3, 7).

21. He should sprinkle collyrium on three Darbha—

14. pûrvasyâm karshvâm pitur. 15. madhyamâyâm pitâmahasyo. 16. ऽttamâyâm prapitâmahasyo. 17. ऽdapâtrâny apasalavi karshûshu ninayed ekaikasya nâmoktvâsâv avanenikshva ye kâtra tvânu yâms ka tram anu tasmai te svâheti (correct, svadheti). 18. tathaiva pindân nidhâya gaped atra pitaro mâdayadhvam yathâbhâgam âvrishâyadhvam ity. 19. uktvodaṅṅ âvarteta savyam bâhum upasamhritya prasavyam âvrityo. 20. ऽpatâmya kalyânam dhyâyann abhiparyâvartamâno gaped ainîmadanta pitaro yathâbhâgam âvrishâyishateti. 21. tisro darbhapiñgûlîr añganena nighrishya karshûshu nidadhyâd yathâpindam.

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blades, and should put them down into the pits in the same way as the Pindas,

22. And sesamum oil and perfumes.

23. For the Pindas and the following offerings he should alter the formula (Sûtra 17) accordingly.

24. Now (follows) the deprecation.

25. On the eastern pit he lays his hands, turning the inside of the right hand upwards, with (the formula), 'Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of life! Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of vital breath!' (MB. II, 3, 8.)

26. On the middle, turning the inside of the left hand upwards, with (the formula), 'Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of terror! Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of sap!' (MB. l.l.)

27. On the western, turning the inside of the right hand upwards, with (the formula), 'Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of comfort (svadhâ)! Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of wrath!' (MB. II, 3, 9.)

28. Joining his hands—

29. (He should murmur the formula), 'Adoration to you' (MB. II, 3, 9).

30. He should lay down threads into the pits in the same way as the Pindas, with (the formula), 'This (garment) to you.'

22. tailam surabhi ka. 23. pindaprabhriti yathârtham ûhed. 24. atha nihnavanam. 25. pûrvasyâm karshvâm dakshinottânau pânî kritvâ namo vah pitaro gîvâya namo vah pitaras sûshâyeti. 26. savyottânau madhyamâyâm namo vah pitaro ghorâya namo vah pitaro rasâyeti. 27. dakshinottânau paskimâyâm namo vah pitara svadhâyai namo vah pitaro manyava ity. 28. añgalim kritvâ 29. namo va iti. 30. sûtratantûn karshûshu nidadhyâd yathâpindam etad va ity.

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31. He should recite over the pits (the verse), 'Bringing strength' (MB. II, 3, 13).

32. The middle Pinda he should give to his wife to eat, if she is desirous of a son, with (the verse), 'Give fruit.'

33. With (the verse), '(Gâtavedas) has been our messenger' (MB. II, 3, 15), he should throw the firebrand into the fire.

34. They should take the sacrificial vessels back two by two.

35 35-39. The same is the rite of the Pindapitriyagña.

36. Let him cook the Havis in the (sacred) domestic fire.

37. From that fire (let him take the fire which) he carries forward (see above, Sûtra 2).

38. (Here is only) one pit.

39. No layer of grass (Sûtra 10).

40 40. Of the mess of cooked food sacred to Indrânî he should sacrifice with (the verse), 'The Ekâshtakâ' (MB. II, 3, 19). He should sacrifice with (the verse), The Ekâshtakâ.'

End of the Third Patala.

31. ûrgam vahantîr iti karshûr anumantrayeta. 32. madhyamam pindam putrakâmâm prâsayed âdhattety. 33. abhûn no dûta ity ulmukam agnau prakshiped. 34. dvandvam pâtrâny atihareyur. 35. esha eva pindapitriyagñakalpo. 36. grihyeऽgnau havis srapayet. 37. tata evâtipranayed. 38. ekâ karshûr. 39. na svastara. 40. Indrânyâ sthâlîpâkasyaikâshtaketi guhuyâd ekâshtaketi guhuyât. tritîyapatalah.

Footnotes

420:1-12 5, 1-12 = Gobhila IV, 2.

421:13-31 13-31 = IV, 3 (23 deest).

424:35-39 35-39 = IV, 4, 1 seqq.

424:40 40 = IV, 4, 32. 33.

PATALA IV, KHANDA 1.

1 1-18. When undertaking ceremonies for the obtainment of special wishes, let him omit six meals or three.

2. At such ceremonies as are repeated daily, (let him do so only) in the beginning;

3. After (the ceremony), if it is performed on account of a prodigy.

4. Thus also at the performances of the sacrificial day (i.e. of the first day of the fortnight).

5. One who keeps the vow (of fasting) through one fortnight, (may avail himself of the following indulgence):

6. If he is not able (to subsist entirely without food, let him drink) rice-water once a day.

7. Let him murmur the Prapada formula (MB. II, 4, 5), sitting in the forest on eastward-pointed grass-blades.

8. Thus one who is desirous of holy lustre.

9. One who is desirous of cattle, as stated above (III, I, 5?).

10. One who desires that his stock of cattle

IV, 1, 1. kâmyeshu shad bhaktâni trîni vâ nâsnîyân. 2. nityaprayuktânâm âdita. 3. uparishtât sânnipâtika. 4. evam yaganîyaprayogeshv. 5. ardhamâsavraty. 6. asaktau peyam (read, peyâm) ekam kâlam. 7. aranve prapadam gaped âsînah prâgagreshv. 8. evam brahmavarkasakâmo. 9. yathoktam pasukâmah. 10. sahasrabâhur iti pasusvastyayanakâmo vrîhiyavau guhuyâd.

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may increase, should sacrifice rice and barley, with (the verse), 'He who has a thousand arms' (MB. II, 4, 7).

11. To one with whom he wishes to become associated, he should give fruits of a big tree, over which he has murmured the Kautomata verse (MB. II, 4, 8).

12. Having kept the vow (of fasting) through one fortnight, he should in the full-moon night plunge up to his navel into a pool which does not dry up, and should sacrifice with his mouth fried grain into the water, with the five (verses), 'Like a tree' (MB. II, 4, 9-13).

13. This ceremony procures (property on) the earth.

14. One who is desirous of the enjoyment (of riches), should worship the sun with the first (of those five verses), while one who is rich in wealth should look at him.

15. One who desires that his stock of horses and elephants may increase, (should sacrifice) fried grain with the second (of those verses), while the sun has a halo.

16. One who desires that his flocks may increase, (should sacrifice) sesamum seeds with the third (verse), while the moon has a halo.

11. yenekhet sahakâram kautomatenâsya mahâvrikshaphalâni parigapya dadyâd. 12. ardhamâsavratî paurnamâsyâm râtrau nâbhimâtram pragâhyâvidâsini hradeऽkshatatandulân âsyena guhuyâd udake vriksha iveti pañkabhih. 13. pârthivam karma. 14. prathamayâdityam upatishthed bhogakâmoऽrthapatau prekshamâne. 15. dvitîyayâkshatatandulân âditye parivishyamâne brihatpattrasvastyayanakâmas. 16. tritîyayâ kandramasi tilatandulân kshudrapasusvastyayanakâmas.

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17. Having worshipped the sun with the fourth (verse), let him try to gain great wealth.

18. Having worshipped the sun with the fifth, let him return home.

19 19-27. In order to avert involuntary death let him murmur every day (the formula), 'Bhûh!' (MB. II, 4, 14.)

20. On the sacrificial day (i.e. the first day of the fortnight) let him make oblations with the six verses, From the head' (MB. II, 5, 1 seqq.), with the Vâmadevya verses, with the Mahâvyâhritis, and with the verse sacred to Pragâpati (l.l. 8).

21. Thus he will drive away misfortune.

22. On an unsafe road let him murmur the verse, 'Go away' (Rig-veda X, 164, 1).

23. One who is desirous of glory should worship the sun in the forenoon, at noon, and in the afternoon, with (the formula), 'I am glory' (MB. II, 5, 9).

24. Let him change (the word), 'Of the forenoon,' according (to the different times of the day).

25. Worshipping (the sun) at twilight with the formula, 'O sun! the ship' (MB. II, 5, 14), procures happiness.

26. At the morning twilight (he says), 'When thou risest' (l.l. 15).

17. katurthyâdityam upasthâya gurum artham abhyuttishthet. 18. pañkamyâdityam upasthâya grihân eyâd. 19. anakâmamâram nityam gaped bhûr iti. 20. yaganîye guhuyân mûrdhnoऽdhi ma iti shadbhir vâmadevyargbhir mahâvyâhritibhih prâgâpatyayâ kâ. 21. ऽlakshmînirnodo. 22. ऽksheme pathy apehîti gaped. 23. yaso ऽham ity âdityam upatishthed yasaskâmah pûrvâhnamadhyandinâparâhneshu. 24. prâtarahnasyeti yathârtham filled. 25. âditya nâvam iti sandhyopasthânam svastyayanam. 26. udyantam tveti pûrvâm.

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27. At the evening twilight, 'When thou goest to rest' (l.l. 16).

27. pratitishthantam tveti paskimâm.

Footnotes

425:1-18 IV, 1, 1-18 = Gobhila IV, 5, I, 9, 10, 11, 13, 12, 27, 24, 25, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 27, 28, 22, 23, 30-34 (9 deest).

427:19-27 19-27 = IV, 6, 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 3, 10-12 (22 deest).

KHANDA 2.

1 1-5. Having kept the vow (of fasting) through one fortnight, he should, on the first day of the dark fortnight, feed the Brâhmanas with boiled milk-rice prepared of one Kamsa of rice.

2. The small grains of that (rice) he should sacrifice (day by day) at the evening twilight to the west of the village, on a place which he has besmeared (with cowdung), with the formula, 'To Phala' (MB. II, 5, 17).

3. And with (the formula), 'To Phalla!' The same on the first day of the next dark fortnight.

4. He shall observe chastity till the end (of the rite).

5. A hundred cart-loads (of gold) will be his.

6 6-23. A Brâhmana should elect the site for building his house on white ground, a Kshatriya on red, a Vaisya on black, which should be even, covered with grass, not salinous, not dry—

7. Where the water flows off to the north-west.

8. (Plants) with milky juice or with thorns or acrid plants should not be there.

2, 1. ardhamâsavratî tâmisrâdau brâhmanân âsayed vrîhikamsaudanam. 2. tasya kanân aparâsu sandhyâsu pratyag grâmât sthandilam upalipya Phalâyeti guhuyât. 3. Phallâyeti kaivam evâparasmims tâmisrâdau. 4. brahmakaryam â samâpter. 5. âkitasatam bhavati. 6. gaure bhûmibhâge brâhmano lohite kshatriyah krishne vaisyoऽvasânam goshayet samam lomasam anîrinam asushkam. 7. yatrodakam pratyagudîkîm pravartate. 8. kshîrinah kantakinah [sic] katukâs kâtraushadhayo na syur.

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9. (Soil) on which Darbha-grass grows, brings holy lustre;

10. Big sorts of grass, strength;

11. Tender grass, cattle.

12. Or (the site of the house) should have the form of bricks (?) or of . . . . . . . (?)

13. Or there should be natural holes (in the ground) in all directions.

14, 15. (A house) with its door to the east brings wealth and fame; with its door to the north, children and cattle. By one with its door to the south all wishes (are obtained). The back-door should not face (?) the house-door.

16. Milk-rice should be offered,

17. And a black cow,

18. Or a white goat. Or only milk-rice.

19. In the middle of the house he should sacrifice the fat (of the animal) and the milk-rice, mixed with Âgya, taking eight portions (of that mixture), with (the verse), 'Vâstoshpati!' (MB. II, 6, I.)

20. And with the seven last (texts) used at the driving away of misfortune (see above, chap. I, 20, 21).

21. After he has sacrificed, he should distribute Balis in the different directions (of the horizon).

9. darbhasammitam brahmavarkasyam. 10. brihattrinair balyam. 11. mridutrinaih pasavyam. 12. sâtâbhir (corr. sâdâbhir?) mandaladvîpibhir vâ. 13. yatra vâ svayamkritâh svabhrâh sarvatoऽbhimukhâ syuh. 14. prâgdvâram dhanyam yasasyam kodagdvâram putryam pasavyam ka dakshinadvâre sarve kâmâ. anudvâram gehadvâram 15. asamlokî (asamloki?) syât. 16. pâyaso havih. 17. krishnâ ka gaur. 18. ago vâ svetah pâyasa eva vâ. 19. madhye vesmano vasâm pâyasam kâgyena misram ashtagrihîtam guhuyâd Vâstoshpata iti. 20. yâs ka parâs saptâlakshmînirnode tâbhis ka. 21. hutvâ disâm balim nayed.

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22. And towards the intermediate points, and upwards and downwards.

23. This (he should repeat) every year, or at the two sacrifices of the first-fruits (of rice and barley).

24 24. With the two (formulas), 'Obeying the will' (MB. II, 6, 7, 8), he should sacrifice two oblations.

25. He should pronounce the name of the person whom he wishes to subdue to his will, 'N.N.;' then that person will obey him.

22. avântaradisâm kordhvâvâkîbhyâm kai. 23. ऽvam samvatsare samvatsare navayagñayor vâ. 24. vasamgamâv ity etâbhyâm âhutî guhuyâd. 25. yam ikhed vasam âyântam tasya nâma grihîtvâsâv iti vasî hâsya bhavati.

Footnotes

428:1-5 2, 1-5 = Gobhila IV, 6, 13-16.

428:6-23 6-23 = IV, 7.

430:24 24 = IV, 8, 7 (25 deest).

KHANDA 3.

1 1-5. Keeping the observance (of fasting) through one fortnight, let him sacrifice in a full-moon night one hundred pegs with the Ekâksharyâ verse (MB. II, 6, 9), if he is desirous of having (a large) family.

2. (Those pegs should be) of Khâdira wood, if he is desirous of long life.

3. Now another (ceremony performed with the same verse). He should go out of the village in an eastern or northern direction, should brush up an elevated surface, or (should raise it) on a mountain with the dung of beasts of the forest, should set it on

3, 1. ardhamâsavratî paurnamâsyâm râtrau saṅkusatam guhuyâd ekâksharyayâ sânvayakâmah. 2. khâdirân âyushkâmo. 3. ऽthâparam. prâṅ vodaṅ vâ grâmân nishkramya sthandilam samûhya parvate vâranyair gomayai sthâpayitvâ (read, gomayais tâpayitvâ?) ऽṅgârân apohyâsyena guhuyâd.

p. 431

fire, should sweep the coals away (from that surface), and should make an oblation (of butter) with his mouth.

4. If (the butter) catches fire, twelve villages (will be his).

5. If smoke rises, at least three.

6. Let him sacrifice in the evening and in the morning the fallings-off of rice-grains. Thus his means of livelihood will not be exhausted.

7 7-9. Of articles of trade let him make an oblation with (the formula), 'Here (this Visvakarman),' (MB. II, 6, 10.)

8. On the sacrificial day (i.e. on the first day of the fortnight) let him sacrifice a full oblation (with the verse MB. II, 6, II, 'A full oblation I sacrifice,' &c.).

9. One who is desirous of companions (should sacrifice) with (the formula), 'Indrâmavadât' (?), (MB. II, 6, 12.)

10 10-16. He should fast through a period of eight nights, and then should kindle a fire to the east or to the north of the village, at a place where four roads meet. The fuel should be Udumbara wood, and the Sruva and the cup (for water should be of the same wood). Let him sacrifice (Âgya) with (the formulas), 'Food indeed,' and 'Bliss indeed' (MB. II, 6, 13, 14).

11. A third (oblation) in the village with (the formula), 'The food’s' (l.l. 15).

4. dvâdasa grâmâ gvalite. 5. tryavarâ dhûme. 6. kambûkân sâyamprâtar guhuyân nâsya vrittih kshîyata. 7. idam aham imam iti panyahomam guhuyât. 8. pûrnahomam yaganîye guhuyâd. 9. Indrâmavadâd iti sahâyakâmo. 10. ऽshtarâtroposhitoऽparam prâṅ vodaṅ vâ grâmâk katushpathe samidhyâgnim audumbara idhma syât sruvakamasau ka guhuyâd annam vâ iti srîr vâ iti. 11. grâme tritîyâm annasyety.

p. 432

12. Then he will become a ruler.

13. When (his cows) are sick, let him sacrifice milk-rice in the cow-stable.

14. On a dangerous road let him make knots in the skirts of the garments (of those who travel together). This will bring a prosperous journey to (himself) and his companions.

15. With the two (formulas), 'To Hunger Svâhâ!' (MB. II, 6, 16, 17), let him sacrifice a thousand oblations, if he desires to obtain a thousand cart-loads (of gold).

16. One who is desirous of cattle (should sacrifice one thousand oblations) of the excrements of a male and a female calf. Of a male and a female sheep, if he is desirous of flocks.

17 17. Let him make oblations of fresh cowdung in the evening and in the morning; then his means of livelihood will not be exhausted.

12. âdhipatyam prâpnoty. 13. upatâpinîshu goshthe pâyasam guhuyâd. 14. aksheme pathi vastradasânâm granthîn kuryât sahâyinâm (sahâyânâm?) ka svastyayanâni. 15. kshudhe svâhety etâbhyâm âhutisahasram guhuyâd âkitasahasrakâmo. 16. vatsamithunayoh purîshena pasukâmoऽvimithunayoh kshudrapasukâmo. 17. haritagomayena sâyamprâtar guhuyân nâsya vrittih kshîyate.

Footnotes

430:1-5 3, 1-5, Gobhila IV, 8, 10-16. 6 = IV, 9, 15.

431:7-9 7-9 = IV, 8, 19 seqq.

431:10-16 10-16 = IV, 9, 1 seqq.

432:17 17 = IV, 8, 18.

KHANDA 4.

1 1-4. One who has been bitten by a venomous animal, he should besprinkle with water, murmuring (the verse), 'Do not fear' (MB. IL 6, 18).

4, 1. vishavatâ dashtam adbhir abhyukshan gapen mâ bhaishîr iti.

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2. A Snâtaka should, when lying down to sleep, put his bamboo staff near (his bed) with (the formula), 'Strong one, protect' (l.l. 19). This will bring him luck.

3. A place where he has a worm he should besprinkle with water, murmuring (the verses), 'Thy worm is killed' (MB. II, 7, 1-4).

4. (If doing this) for his cattle, let him fetch in the afternoon an earth-clod taken out of a furrow, and let him in the morning strew the dust of it (on the place attacked by worms), murmuring (the same texts).

5 5-23. (A guest) who is going to accept the Madhuparka should come forward murmuring, 'Here I tread on this' (MB. II, 8, 2).

6. They announce three times (to the guest) each (of the following things which are brought to him): a bed (of grass), water for washing the feet, the Argha water, water for sipping, and the Madhuparka;

7. And the cow.

8. Having spread out the bed (of grass, so that the points of the grass are) turned to the north, he should sit down thereon with (the verse), 'The herbs which' (MB. II, 8, 3).

9. With the feet (he treads on another bundle of

2. snâtakas samvisan vainavam dandam upanidadhyât tura gopâyeti svastyayanam. 3. hatas ta (hastata, hahsta, hasta, vitasta, the MSS.) iti krimimantam desam adbhir abhyukshañ gapet. 4. pasûnâm ked aparâhne sîtâloshtam âhritya tasya prâtah pâmsubhih pratishkirañ gapen. 5. madhuparkam pratigrahîshyann idam aham imâm iti pratitishthañ gaped. 6. vishtarapâdyârghyâkamanîyamadhuparkânâm ekaikam trir vedayante. 7. gâm ko. 8. . ऽdañkam vishtaram âstîrya yâ oshadhîr ity adhyâsîta. 9. pâdayor dvitîyayâ dvau ked.

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grass), if there are two, with the second (verse) (l.l. 4).

10. Let him look at the water with (the formula), 'From which side I see the goddesses' (l.l. 5).

11. Let him wash his left foot with (the formula), 'The left' (l.l. 6), the right with, 'The right' (I. 1. 7); both with the rest (8).

12. Let him accept the Arghya water with (the formula), 'Thou art the queen of food' (l.l. 9).

13. The water which he is to sip, (he accepts) with (the formula), 'Glory art thou' (l.l. 10).

14. The Madhuparka with (the formula), 'The glory's glory art thou' (l.l. 11).

15. Let him drink three times with (the formulas), 'The glory’s,' 'The might’s,' 'The fortune’s' (l.l. 12).

16. Having drunk more of it a fourth time silently he should give the remainder to a Brâhmana.

17. Over the cow, when it has been announced to him, he should recite (the formula), 'Let loose the cow.'

18. Instead of 'and of N.N.' (in that formula) he should put the name of the person who offers the Arghya reception.

19. Thus if it is no sacrifice (by which the Arghya ceremony has been occasioned).

20. 'Make it (ready),' if it is a sacrifice.

10. apah pasyed yato devîr iti. 11. savyam pâdam avasiñked savyam iti dakshinam dakshinam ity ubhau seshenâ. 12. ऽnnasya râshtrir asîty arghyam pratigrihnîyâd. 13. yasoऽsîty âkamanîyam. 14. yasaso yasoऽsîti madhuparkam. 15. trih pibed yasaso mahasa sriyâ iti. 16. tûshnîm katurtham bhûyoऽbhipâya brâhmanâyokkhishtam dadyâd. 17. gam veditâm anumantrayeta muñka gâm ity. 18. amushya kety arhayitur nâma brûyâd. 19. evam ayagñe. 20. kuruteti yagña.

p. 435

21. The six persons to whom the Arghya reception is due are, a teacher, an officiating priest, a Snâtaka, a king, the father-in-law, a friend.

22. He should honour them (with the Arghya reception) once a year;

23. But repeatedly in the case of a sacrifice and of a wedding. But repeatedly in the case of a sacrifice and of a wedding.

End of the Fourth Patala.

End of the Grihyakhanda.

21. âkârya ritvik snâtako râgâ vivâhyah priya iti shad arghyâh. 22. pratisamvatsarân arhayet. 23. punar yagñavivâhayos ka punar yagñavivâhayos ka. katurthapatalah.

grihyakhandam samâptam.

Footnotes

432:1-4 4, 1-4 = Gobhila IV, 9, 16 seqq.

433:5-23 5-23 = IV, 10.

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KHADIRA GRIHYA SUTRA

Contents

INTRODUCTION TO THE KHADIRA GRIHYA SUTRA

Footnotes

KHÂDIRA-GRIHYA-SÛTRA.

PATALA I, KHANDA 1.

Footnotes

KHANDA 2.

Footnotes

KHANDA 3.

Footnotes

KHANDA 4.

Footnotes

KHANDA 5.

Footnotes

PATALA II, KHANDA 1.

Footnotes

KHANDA 2.

Footnotes

KHANDA 3.

Footnotes

KHANDA 4.

Footnotes

KHANDA 5.

Footnotes

PATALA III, KHANDA 1.

Footnotes

KHANDA 2.

Footnotes

KHANDA 3.

Footnotes

KHANDA 4.

Footnotes

KHANDA 5.

Footnotes

PATALA IV, KHANDA 1.

Footnotes

KHANDA 2.

Footnotes

KHANDA 3.

Footnotes

KHANDA 4.

Suggested Reading

Footnotes